Shloka 30
बक-गौतमाख्यानम् / The Baka–Gautama Account
On Gratitude and Friendship Ethics
Devanagari script
न प्रियं नाप्यनुक्रोशं चक्रुर्भूतेषु भारत । त्रीनुपायानतिक्रम्य दण्डेन रुरुधु: प्रजा:
Translation
Bhīṣma disse: “Ó descendente de Bharata! Eles não faziam o que fosse agradável aos seres, nem tinham compaixão. Ultrapassando os três meios—sāma (conciliação), dāna (dádiva) e bheda (divisão)—afligiam todos os súditos apenas com daṇḍa, o castigo.”
Word by Word
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
प्रियम्what is pleasing / kindness
प्रियम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रिय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
नnor / not
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
अपिeven / also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अनुक्रोशम्compassion
अनुक्रोशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअनुक्रोश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
चक्रुःthey did / they showed
चक्रुः:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Third, Plural
भूतेषुamong beings
भूतेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
त्रीन्three
त्रीन्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
उपायान्means / strategies
उपायान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउपाय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अतिक्रम्यhaving transgressed / having set aside
अतिक्रम्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअति-क्रम्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
दण्डेनby punishment / by the rod
दण्डेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
रुरुधुःthey restrained / they confined
रुरुधुः:
TypeVerb
Rootरुध्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Third, Plural
प्रजाःsubjects / people
प्रजाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
भरतनन्दनO delight of Bharata
भरतनन्दन:
TypeNoun
Rootभरतनन्दन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes