Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 463

Adhyāya 166: Kṛtaghna-doṣa (कृतघ्नदोषः) — the fault of ingratitude and the limits of expiation

आत्मानं जुहुयादग्नौ समिद्धे तेन शुद्धयते । गर्भके बच्चेकी हत्या करनेवाला यदि युद्धमें शस्त्रोंके आधातसे मर जाय तो उसकी शुद्धि हो जाती है अथवा प्रज्वलित अग्निमें कूदकर अपने आपको होम दे तो वह शुद्ध हो जाता है

ātmānaṃ juhuyād agnau samiddhe tena śuddhyate |

Bhīṣma afirma que se pode alcançar a purificação oferecendo a si mesmo a um fogo bem aceso; por esse ato, a pessoa se torna limpa. No debate ético que o cerca, isso é apresentado como meio expiatório para faltas gravíssimas—purificação pelo auto-sacrifício, seja morrendo sob as armas na batalha, seja lançando-se a uma fogueira ardente em autoimolação.

आत्मानम्oneself
आत्मानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
जुहुयात्should offer (as oblation)
जुहुयात्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहु
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अग्नौin the fire
अग्नौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
समिद्धेwhen kindled / in a blazing state
समिद्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसमिद्ध
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तेनby that / thereby
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
शुद्ध्यतेis purified
शुद्ध्यते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootशुध्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada (passive sense)

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
A
Agni (fire)

Educational Q&A

Purification from severe sin is said to be attainable through extreme expiation: offering oneself into a well-kindled fire (or, in the broader passage, dying under weapons in battle). The emphasis is on self-surrender as a purificatory act within the dharma framework of prāyaścitta.

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma and expiations. Here he states a specific expiatory rule: one who offers oneself into a blazing fire becomes purified, presented amid discussion of remedies for grievous transgressions.