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Shloka 16

Bhīmasena’s Counsel on Grief, Inner Conflict, and the Duty of Kingship (भीमसेन-उपदेशः)

सत्वं न दुःखी दुःखस्य न सुखी च सुखस्य वा । न दुःखी सुखजातस्य न सुखी दुःखजस्य वा

sattvaṁ na duḥkhī duḥkhasya na sukhī ca sukhasya vā | na duḥkhī sukhajātasya na sukhī duḥkhajasya vā ||

Disse Vaiśaṃpāyana: “Ele não é dos que se afligem com a dor, nem dos que se exaltam com a felicidade; não se detém, na aflição, em prazeres, nem, no prazer, em aflições. Tal equanimidade —recusando-se a ser levado pela alternância da fortuna— marca um caráter disciplinado e aponta para o ideal ético da firmeza diante das voltas do destino.”

सत्त्वम्a being / one (person)
सत्त्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसत्त्व
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दुःखीunhappy, suffering
दुःखी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदुःखिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दुःखस्यof sorrow
दुःखस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सुखीhappy
सुखी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसुखिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सुखस्यof happiness
सुखस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootसुख
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दुःखीunhappy
दुःखी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदुःखिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सुखजातस्यof what is born from happiness
सुखजातस्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootसुखजात
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सुखीhappy
सुखी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसुखिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दुःखजस्यof what is born from sorrow
दुःखजस्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootदुःखज
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśaṃpāyana

Educational Q&A

The verse praises mental steadiness: a disciplined person is not swept away by sorrow or happiness and does not obsess over the opposite state. This points to an ethical ideal for rulers and householders alike—self-mastery and balance amid changing circumstances.

Within the Śānti Parva’s instruction on royal duty (rājadharma), the narrator Vaiśaṃpāyana reports a characterization of an exemplary temperament—someone who remains even-minded through pleasure and pain—framing the moral tone of counsel given in this section.