Shloka 123
Adhyāya 159 — Dāna–Dakṣiṇā, Āpaddharma Measures, and Prāyaścitta Classifications
नित्यं गम्भीरतोयाभिरापगाभिरिवोदधि: । कुरुश्रेष्ठ! मनुष्य जन्मकालमें
nityaṁ gambhīratoyābhir āpagābhir ivodadhiḥ | kuruśreṣṭha! manuṣya-janma-kāle bālyāvasthāyāṁ tathā kaumāra-yauvanāvasthāyāṁ ca yena kāraṇena svāni duṣkarmāṇi parityaktuṁ na śaknuvanti, yo manuṣyasya vṛddha-bhāve ’pi jīrṇo na bhavati, sa eva lobhaḥ | yathā gambhīra-toyā bahvyo nadyaḥ saṅgatā api samudraṁ na pūrayanti, tathā katividha-padārtha-lābhe ’pi lobhasya udaraṁ kadācana na pūryate ||
Bhishma disse: “Ó melhor dos Kurus, aquilo que impede o homem de abandonar seus maus atos—ao nascer, na infância, e novamente na adolescência e na juventude—e que não envelhece mesmo quando o homem se torna idoso, é somente a cobiça. Assim como o oceano não se enche ainda que muitos rios profundos nele deságuem, do mesmo modo, por mais ganhos de objetos mundanos que venham, o ventre da cobiça jamais se satisfaz.”
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Greed (lobha) is insatiable and ageless: it persists from childhood to old age, prevents one from giving up wrongdoing, and cannot be satisfied by accumulating more possessions—like the ocean that never becomes full despite many rivers.
In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma, Bhishma addresses Yudhishthira (as ‘best of the Kurus’) and uses a vivid natural simile—rivers flowing into the ocean—to explain why craving for gain does not end and why it fuels continued unethical action.