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Shloka 37

Śaraṇāgatapālana—Prastāvanā

Protection of the Refuge-Seeker: Opening of the Kapota Narrative

योडरिणा सह संधाय सुखं स्वपिति विश्वसन्‌ | स वृक्षाग्रे प्रसुप्तो वा पतितः प्रतिबुद्धयते

yo 'riṇā saha sandhāya sukhaṁ svapiti viśvasan | sa vṛkṣāgre prasupto vā patitaḥ pratibudhyate ||

Bhīṣma disse: Aquele que faz um pacto com um inimigo e depois dorme em conforto, confiando nele, é como um homem que adormeceu profundamente no alto de uma árvore—só desperta quando cai. O ensinamento é um aviso contra a confiança ingênua numa parte hostil: a confiança mal colocada convida ao desastre, e a lucidez muitas vezes só chega depois do dano.

यःwho (he who)
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अरिणाwith an enemy
अरिणा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअरि
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
सहtogether with
सह:
Karana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
संधायhaving made (a pact), having concluded
संधाय:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-धा
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
सुखम्comfortably, in ease
सुखम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुख
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
स्वपितिsleeps
स्वपिति:
TypeVerb
Rootस्वप्
FormPresent, Indicative, Parasmaipada, Third, Singular
विश्वसन्trusting, being confident
विश्वसन्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-श्वस्
FormPresent active participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वृक्षाग्रेon the top/branch of a tree
वृक्षाग्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवृक्ष + अग्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
प्रसुप्तःfallen asleep, fast asleep
प्रसुप्तः:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-स्वप्
FormPast passive participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
पतितःhaving fallen, fallen down
पतितः:
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
FormPast active participle (usage as adjective), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रतिबुद्ध्यतेwakes up, becomes alert
प्रतिबुद्ध्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-बुध्
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada (passive/intransitive sense), Third, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
E
enemy (ari)
T
truce/compact (saṁdhi)
T
tree/branch (vṛkṣa-agra)

Educational Q&A

Do not become complacent after making peace with an enemy; trust without vigilance is dangerous. Like sleeping on a tree-branch, one may feel secure until the sudden fall—awareness often comes only after damage.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on conduct and policy, Bhīṣma advises Yudhiṣṭhira through a vivid simile: a person who relaxes and sleeps after a pact with an enemy is compared to someone asleep atop a tree who wakes only upon falling—i.e., only when crisis strikes.