Shloka 19
Kośa, Bala, and Maryādā: Treasury, Capacity, and Enforceable Limits (कोश-बल-मर्यादा)
Devanagari script
तत्र धर्मविदां तात निश्चयो धर्मनैपुणम् उद्यमो नैपुणं क्षात्रे बाहुवीर्यादिति श्रुति:,तात! धर्मज्ञ पुरुषोंका निश्चय जैसे उनकी धर्म-विषयक निपुणताको सूचित करता है, उसी प्रकार बाहुबलसे अपनी उन्नतिके लिये उद्योग करना क्षत्रियकी निपुणताका सूचक है; यह श्रुतिका निर्णय है
Translation
“Meu filho! Assim como a decisão dos conhecedores do dharma revela sua perícia em matéria de dharma, do mesmo modo o empenho em elevar-se pela força do braço e pelo valor guerreiro revela a perícia do kṣatriya—assim decide a śruti.”
Word by Word
तत्रthere, in that matter
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
धर्मविदाम्of the knowers of dharma
धर्मविदाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मविद्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
तातO dear (son)
तात:
TypeNoun
Rootतात
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
निश्चयःdecision, determination
निश्चयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिश्चय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मनैपुणम्skill in dharma
धर्मनैपुणम्:
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मनैपुण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
उद्यमःeffort, enterprise
उद्यमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउद्यम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नैपुणम्skill, proficiency
नैपुणम्:
TypeNoun
Rootनैपुण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
क्षात्रेin the kshatriya-duty / in the warrior sphere
क्षात्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षात्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
बाहुवीर्यात्from arm-strength/valour
बाहुवीर्यात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootबाहुवीर्य
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
श्रुतिःscriptural statement, tradition
श्रुतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्रुति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes