Shloka 40
Daṇḍotpatti-kathana (Origin and Function of Daṇḍa) — वसुहोम–मान्धातृ संवाद
एवंप्रयोजनश्वैव दण्ड: क्षत्रियतां गत: । रक्षन् प्रजा: स जागर्ति नित्यं स्ववहितो$क्षर:,इस प्रकार रक्षारूपी प्रयोजन सिद्ध करनेवाला दण्ड क्षत्रियभावको प्राप्त हुआ है। वह अविनाशी होनेके कारण सदा सावधान होकर प्रजाकी रक्षाके लिये जागता रहता है
evaṁprayojanaś caiva daṇḍaḥ kṣatriyatāṁ gataḥ | rakṣan prajāḥ sa jāgarti nityaṁ svavahito'kṣaraḥ ||
Assim, o daṇḍa—cujo propósito é a proteção—assumiu o caráter e o ofício do Kṣatriya. Guardando o povo, permanece sempre desperto; e, por ser imperecível, mantém-se constantemente vigilante, firme na função que lhe foi designada.
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Bhīṣma teaches that daṇḍa (lawful punishment/royal authority) is fundamentally for protection, not cruelty. When properly established, it embodies the Kṣatriya’s role: constant vigilance to safeguard the people and uphold order as an enduring principle of governance.
In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on rājadharma, Bhīṣma explains to Yudhiṣṭhira the nature of kingship and statecraft. Here he personifies daṇḍa as an ever-watchful guardian that takes on the Kṣatriya-function—protecting the subjects through vigilant enforcement of dharma.