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Shloka 10

Daṇḍotpatti-kathana (Origin and Function of Daṇḍa) — वसुहोम–मान्धातृ संवाद

अपि चैतत्‌ पुरा राजन्‌ मनुना प्रोक्तमादित:

api caitat purā rājan manunā proktam āditaḥ

Bhīṣma disse: «Além disso, ó rei, este mesmo princípio foi ensinado há muito tempo por Manu desde o princípio: quando um governante, mantendo-se equânime diante do agradável e do desagradável, não favorece ninguém e aplica a punição com exatidão enquanto protege bem o povo, esse ato de governar não é senão dharma.»

अपिalso, moreover
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एतत्this (teaching/statement)
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
पुराformerly, in olden times
पुरा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
मनुनाby Manu
मनुना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमनु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
प्रोक्तम्said, declared
प्रोक्तम्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-वच्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular, Passive (participial)
आदितःfrom the beginning, at first
आदितः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआदि

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
M
Manu
K
King (addressed as rājan)

Educational Q&A

A king’s true dharma is impartial governance: treating the pleasant and unpleasant alike, avoiding favoritism, applying punishment precisely and fairly, and thereby protecting the people.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on kingship, Bhishma addresses the king and supports his counsel by citing ancient authority—Manu—stating that just, unbiased rule and proper use of daṇḍa constitute dharma.