Nakula’s Counsel on Yajña, Dāna, and Tyāga (नकुलोपदेशः—यज्ञदानत्यागविचारः)
इस प्रकार श्रीमह्याभारत शान्तिपर्वके अन्तर्गत राजधमनुशासनपर्वमें अजुनके वचनके प्रयंगरें ऋषियों और पक्षिरूपधारी इन्द्रके संवादका वर्णनविषयक ग्यारहवाँ अध्याय पूरा हुआ
krodhaharṣāvanādṛtya paiśunyaṃ ca viśeṣataḥ | vipro vedānadhīte yaḥ sa tyāgī pārtha ucyate ||
kuntīnandana! yo brāhmaṇaḥ krodhaṃ harṣaṃ ca viśeṣataḥ paiśunyaṃ (paradūṣaṇa-rūpāṃ paiśunikatām) avajñāya nityaṃ vedasvādhyāye rataḥ, sa tyāgī iti ucyate |
Nakula disse: “Ó Pārtha, o brâmane que põe de lado a ira e a exaltação e, acima de tudo, recusa o hábito da calúnia, permanecendo firmemente devotado ao estudo dos Vedas, é chamado verdadeiro renunciante.”
अर्जुन उवाच
True renunciation is primarily ethical and inward: restraining anger and excessive elation, rejecting slander and tale-bearing, and maintaining disciplined commitment to sacred study. Tyāga is framed as mastery over impulses and speech rather than mere external withdrawal.
In the Shānti Parva’s instruction-oriented setting, a definition of the ‘tyāgī’ is presented to Pārtha (Arjuna). The verse functions as a normative statement about Brahmin conduct, emphasizing self-restraint and svādhyāya as marks of genuine renunciation.