Shloka 16
Nīti-upadeśa to a Rājaputra: Self-restraint, Alliances, and Rival-Management (नीतिउपदेशः)
तुम बुद्धिमानोंके विश्वासभाजन बनकर अपने महाशत्रुके राज्यमें सानन्द विचरण करो और कुत्ते, हिरन, तथा कौओंकी तरह” चौकन्ने रहकर निरर्थक बर्तावोंद्वारा विदेहराजके प्रति मित्रधर्मका पालन करो ।।
Bhīṣma uvāca: tvaṁ buddhimānāṁ viśvāsabhājanaṁ bhūtvā svamahāśatro rājyamadhye sānandaṁ vicarasva; śva-mṛga-kāka-vat ca sāvadhāno bhūtvā nirarthaka-ceṣṭābhiḥ Videharājaṁ prati mitradharmaṁ pālaya. ārambhāṁś ca asya mahato duścarāṁś ca prayojaya; nadīvat ca virodhāṁś ca balavadbhir virudhyatām.
Bhīṣma disse: “Torna-te alguém em quem os sábios depositem confiança e circula com alegria no reino do teu grande inimigo. Contudo, permanece vigilante como um cão, um cervo ou um corvo; e, por meio de atos que pareçam inúteis e inofensivos, mantém exteriormente os deveres de amizade para com o rei de Videha. Ao mesmo tempo, incita-o a empreender grandes obras extremamente difíceis de concluir e trama para ele conflitos com reis poderosos—conflitos tão difíceis de transpor quanto um grande rio.”
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Bhishma outlines a hard-edged principle of rajaniti: maintain the outward form of friendship and trustworthiness while remaining constantly vigilant, and weaken an enemy indirectly by steering him into overambitious projects and entangling conflicts with stronger powers—thus exhausting his resources without open breach at first.
In Shanti Parva’s instruction on governance, Bhishma advises a policy of covert maneuvering: the agent (or ruler) should circulate within the enemy’s realm as a trusted friend of the Videha king, masking intent through innocuous behavior, while quietly engineering situations that overextend the enemy and provoke formidable rivalries.