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Shloka 103

Nīti-upadeśa to a Rājaputra: Self-restraint, Alliances, and Rival-Management (नीतिउपदेशः)

आन्तरैभेंदयित्वारीन्‌ बिल्व॑ बिल्वेन भेदय | राजा जनक बड़े धीर और श्रीसम्पन्न हैं। जब वे तुम्हारा सत्कार करेंगे

āntaraiḥ bhedayitvā arīn bilvaṁ bilvena bhedaya | rājā janakaḥ baḍe dhīraḥ śrī-sampannaś ca | yadā te satkāraṁ kariṣyati tadā sarva-lokānāṁ viśvāsa-pātraḥ bhūtvā tvam atyantaṁ gauravānvitō bhaviṣyasi | tām avasthāṁ prāpya mitrāṇāṁ senām ekatrīkṛtya śubhaiḥ mantribhiḥ saha mantraṇāṁ kṛtvā antar-aṅga-janair śatru-dale bhedaṁ kārayitvā bilvaṁ bilvenaiva bhedaya (śatroḥ sahāyenaiva śatroḥ vidhvaṁsaṁ kuryāḥ) |

Bhishma aconselha uma estratégia de governo: primeiro, cria dissensão interna entre os inimigos por meio de informantes de confiança; depois, rompe o inimigo com os próprios apoios do inimigo — como se fende um fruto de bilva com outro bilva. Acrescenta que o rei Janaka é firme e próspero; quando Janaka te honrar, serás tido por digno de confiança por todos e altamente estimado. Dessa posição segura, reúne as forças dos aliados, consulta ministros capazes e, por agentes secretos, semeia a divisão no campo adversário para que o inimigo seja desfeito por suas próprias fraturas internas.

अन्तरैःby inner agents/confidants
अन्तरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअन्तर
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
भेदयित्वाhaving caused to split / having sown dissension
भेदयित्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootभिद्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite
अरीन्enemies
अरीन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअरि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
बिल्वम्a bilva (wood/club; bilva fruit/tree as metaphor)
बिल्वम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबिल्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
बिल्वेनwith a bilva (club/wood); with the bilva itself
बिल्वेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबिल्व
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
भेदयsplit! break! cause dissension!
भेदय:
TypeVerb
Rootभिद्
Formलोट् (imperative), Second, Singular, Parasmaipada, Active

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
J
Janaka
B
bilva (wood-apple fruit)
A
allies (mitra)
M
ministers/counselors (mantrin)
E
enemy camp (śatru-dala)

Educational Q&A

A ruler (or political actor) should act through rājadharma: secure legitimacy and trust, consult competent ministers, build alliances, and use intelligence to create divisions within hostile forces—defeating the enemy with minimal direct confrontation, symbolized by splitting a bilva with another bilva.

Bhishma is instructing on practical governance and war-policy: he points to King Janaka’s honorable support as a source of public trust, then outlines a plan—gather allied troops, deliberate with ministers, and employ confidential agents to foment dissension in the enemy camp so the enemy collapses from within.