Shloka 49
शकुनिवधः — Sahadeva’s Slaying of Śakuni
with Ulūka’s fall
Devanagari script
भीमस्तु समरे क्रुद्धः पुत्र तव जनाधिप
Transliteration
bhīmas tu samare kruddhaḥ putra tava janādhipa
Translation
Disse Sañjaya: Ó rei, teu filho—Bhīma—enfureceu-se no meio da batalha.
Word by Word
भीमःBhima
भीमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
क्रुद्धःangered
क्रुद्धः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रुध्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त)
पुत्रO son
पुत्र:
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तवof you/your
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
जनाधिपO ruler of men (king)
जनाधिप:
TypeNoun
Rootजनाधिप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaB
BhīmaD
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by address: janādhipa, 'O king')Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights how anger can become a decisive force in war, raising an ethical tension: even when battle is sanctioned by duty, the warrior’s inner state (krodha) can push action beyond measured righteousness, making self-control a crucial moral concern.
Sañjaya reports to the king that Bhīma, on the battlefield, has become intensely enraged—an emotional turning point that typically precedes a fierce assault or a significant act of combat in the surrounding passage.