Shloka 45

Śālva’s Elephant Assault and the Counterstroke (शाल्वस्य नागारूढाभ्यवहारः)

Devanagari script

परिवार्य रणे भीम॑ निजध्नुस्ते समन्‍्ततः । स वध्यमान: समरे पदातिगणसंवृत:

Transliteration

parivārya raṇe bhīmaṁ nijaghnus te samantataḥ | sa vadhyamānaḥ samare padātigaṇasaṁvṛtaḥ ||

Translation

Sañjaya disse: No auge da batalha, cercaram Bhīma por todos os lados e o golpearam. E, embora fosse atacado no combate, ele permaneceu rodeado por companhias de infantes—pressionado em todas as frentes no caos da guerra.

Word by Word

• परिवार्य: having surrounded / encircling
• परिवार्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि+वृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि

• रणे: in battle
• रणे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• भीमः: Bhima
• भीमः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• निजघ्नुः: slew / struck down
• Type: Verb
• Root: हन् (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• ते: them
• ते: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• समन्ततः: on all sides
• समन्ततः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: समन्ततः (अव्यय)

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• वध्यमानः: being slain / being struck down
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वध्यमान (हन् धातोः कर्मणि वर्तमानकाले शानच्-प्रत्ययान्तः)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, Present passive participle (शानच्), कर्मणि

• समरे: in the battle
• समरे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: समर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• पदाति-गण-संवृतः: surrounded by a troop of foot-soldiers
• Type: Adjective
• Root: संवृत (√वृ/वृञ् ‘to cover, surround’ with सम् उपसर्ग; क्त)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Bhīma
• padāti-gaṇa (infantry troops)