Shloka 14

Adhyāya 52 (Sabhā-parva): Vidura Invites Yudhiṣṭhira to Hastināpura for the Dice Match

Devanagari script

काश्मीराश्च कुमाराश्न घोरका हंसकायना: । शिबित्रिगर्तयौधेया राजन्या भद्रकेकया:

Transliteration

kāśmīrāś ca kumārāś ca ghorakā haṃsakāyanāḥ | śibi-trigarta-yaudheyā rājanyā bhadra-kekayāḥ ||

Translation

Duryodhana disse: “Os Kāśmīras e os Kāmbojas; os Ghorakas e os Haṃsakāyanas; os Śibis, os Trigartas e os Yaudheyas; os clãs reais, os Bhadrakas e os Kekayas.”

Word by Word

• काश्मीराः: Kashmiris
• काश्मीराः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: काश्मीरा
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• कुमाराः: Kumaras (people called Kumara)
• कुमाराः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुमार
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• घोरकाः: Ghorakas (a people/tribe)
• घोरकाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: घोरक
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• हंसकायनाः: Hamsakayanas (a people/tribe)
• हंसकायनाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: हंसकायन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• शिबयः: Sibis
• शिबयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिबि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• त्रिगर्ताः: Trigartas
• त्रिगर्ताः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रिगर्त
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• यौधेयाः: Yaudheyas
• यौधेयाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: यौधेय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• राजन्याः: Kshatriyas / royal warriors
• राजन्याः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्य
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• भद्राः: Bhadrās (a people/tribe)
• भद्राः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भद्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• केकयाः: Kekayas
• केकयाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: केकय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

दुर्योधन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• दुर्योधन (Duryodhana)
• कश्मीर (Kashmir)
• कुमाराः/कम्बोजाः (Kumāras/Kāmbojas)
• घोरकाः (Ghorakas)
• हंसकायनाः (Haṃsakāyanas)
• शिबयः (Śibis)
• त्रिगर्ताः (Trigartas)
• यौधेयाः (Yaudheyas)
• राजन्याः (Rājanyas/Kṣatriya clans)
• भद्रकाः (Bhadrakas)
• केकयाः (Kekayas)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse implicitly contrasts numerical strength and political alliances with true dharma: Duryodhana’s pride in amassed supporters exemplifies the ethical danger of equating power with righteousness.

What is happening in the narrative?

Duryodhana is listing various peoples and warrior-groups aligned with him, as part of a broader enumeration of forces and supporters in the lead-up to conflict.