Shloka 16

Śiśupāla’s Protest Against the Arghya to Kṛṣṇa (शिशुपाल-आक्षेपः)

Devanagari script

गदप्रद्युम्नसाम्बाश्व चारुदेष्णश्न वीर्यवान्‌ उल्मुको निशठसश्चैव वीरश्नाज्ञावहस्तथा

Transliteration

gadapradymnasāmbāśva cārudeṣṇaś ca vīryavān | ulmuko niśaṭhaś caiva vīraś cājñāvahas tathā ||

Translation

Vaiśampāyana disse: “(Ali estavam) os valorosos Gada, Pradyumna, Sāmba, Aśva e Cārudeṣṇa; também Ulmuka, Niśaṭha, o herói Ājñāvaha e outros.”

Word by Word

• गदः: Gada (a person named Gada)
• गदः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: गद
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• प्रद्युम्नः: Pradyumna
• प्रद्युम्नः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रद्युम्न
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• साम्बः: Sāmba
• साम्बः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: साम्ब
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अश्वः: Aśva (a person named Aśva)
• अश्वः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्व
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• चारुदेष्णः: Cārudeṣṇa
• चारुदेष्णः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: चारुदेष्ण
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• वीर्यवान्: mighty, possessed of valor
• वीर्यवान्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वीर्यवत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उल्मुकः: Ulmuka
• उल्मुकः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: उल्मुक
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• निशठः: Niśaṭha
• निशठः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: निशठ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एव: indeed, also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• वीरः: hero, warrior
• वीरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• आज्ञावहः: obedient; carrying out commands
• आज्ञावहः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आज्ञावह
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तथा: thus, likewise
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Gada
• Pradyumna
• Sāmba
• Aśva
• Cārudeṣṇa
• Ulmuka
• Niśaṭha
• Ājñāvaha

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse functions as an ethical backdrop: it highlights the presence of many powerful heroes, implying that sheer strength and illustrious kinship are not sufficient safeguards—dharma, self-control, and wise counsel are what prevent power from becoming destructive in political life.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana is enumerating notable Yādava figures—Gada, Pradyumna, Sāmba, and others—situating them within the broader courtly and political context of the Sabha Parva by emphasizing the formidable human resources of Krishna’s clan.