Shloka 54
देवदानवगन्धर्वा नागयक्षा: पतत्त्रिण:
devadānavagandharvā nāgayakṣāḥ patattriṇaḥ
Sañjaya disse: Devas, dānavas, gandharvas, nāgas, yakṣas e até as aves—seres de toda ordem—estavam presentes.
संजय उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights that actions in a dharma-crisis like Kurukṣetra are not private or merely political; they are witnessed by the whole moral cosmos. The Mahābhārata frames war as ethically consequential on a universal scale, where the fall of heroes and breaches of dharma echo beyond humanity.
Sañjaya, reporting events to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, lists various classes of beings—devas, dānavas, gandharvas, nāgas, yakṣas, and birds—to convey that the battlefield event being described was extraordinary, drawing attention across realms and suggesting a portentous, world-shaking moment.