Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 40

अथाब्रवीन्मारुति: फाल्गुनं च पश्यस्वैनं नकुलं पीड्यमानम्‌ । अयं च नो बाधते कर्णपुत्र- स्तस्माद्‌ भवान प्रत्युपयातु कार्णिम्‌,तदनन्तर वायुपुत्र भीमसेनने अर्जुनसे कहा--'देखो, यह नकुल वृषसेनसे पीड़ित हो गया है। कर्णका यह पुत्र हमें बहुत सता रहा है, अतः तुम इस कर्णपुत्रपर आक्रमण करो”

athābravīn mārutiḥ phālgunaṃ ca paśyasvainaṃ nakulaṃ pīḍyamānam | ayaṃ ca no bādhate karṇaputraḥ tasmād bhavān pratyupayātu kārṇim ||

Disse Sañjaya: Então Māruti (Bhīmasena, filho do Vento) falou a Phālguna (Arjuna): “Vê—Nakula está sendo duramente pressionado. Este filho de Karṇa nos atormenta; portanto, avança tu contra esse Kārṇi, o filho de Karṇa.”

अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
अब्रवीत्said/spoke
अब्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormLung (Aorist), 3, singular, Parasmaipada
मारुतिःMaruti (son of Vayu; Bhima)
मारुतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमारुति
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
फाल्गुनम्to Phalguna (Arjuna)
फाल्गुनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootफाल्गुन
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पश्यस्वsee/look
पश्यस्व:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormLot (Imperative), 2, singular, Atmanepada
एनम्this one/him
एनम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
नकुलम्Nakula
नकुलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनकुल
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
पीड्यमानम्being tormented/pressed
पीड्यमानम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपीड्
Formpresent passive participle (शानच्/मान), masculine, accusative, singular
अयम्this (man)
अयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
नःour/us
नः:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form1, genitive, plural
बाधतेtroubles/harasses
बाधते:
TypeVerb
Rootबाध्
FormLat (Present), 3, singular, Atmanepada
कर्णपुत्रःKarna's son
कर्णपुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्णपुत्र
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
तस्मात्therefore
तस्मात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतस्मात् (तद्)
भवान्you (honorific)
भवान्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootभवत्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
प्रत्युपयातुlet (him/you) go against/approach in return; advance toward
प्रत्युपयातु:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-उप-या
FormLot (Imperative), 3, singular, Parasmaipada
कार्णिम्the son of Karna (i.e., Vrishasena)
कार्णिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकार्णि
Formmasculine, accusative, singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
M
Māruti (Bhīmasena)
P
Phālguna (Arjuna)
N
Nakula
K
Karṇaputra (Vṛṣasena)
K
Karṇa

Educational Q&A

In the midst of conflict, one must uphold kṣatriya-dharma by protecting comrades and responding proportionately to a dangerous aggressor; leadership includes timely intervention to prevent an ally’s defeat.

Bhīma (Māruti) alerts Arjuna (Phālguna) that Nakula is being overwhelmed by Karṇa’s son (Vṛṣasena) and urges Arjuna to advance and engage him to relieve Nakula and check the threat.