Shloka 45

Karṇa-parva Adhyāya 58 — Arjuna’s Arrow-Storm and Relief of Bhīmasena

Devanagari script

तस्यान्तमिषुभी राजन्‌ यदा द्रौणिर्न जग्मिवान्‌

Transliteration

tasyāntam iṣubhir rājan yadā drauṇir na jagmivān

Translation

Sañjaya disse: “Ó rei, quando o filho de Droṇa (Droṇi) não chegou ao seu fim nem mesmo sob saraivadas de flechas…”

Word by Word

• तस्य: of him/that
• तस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• अन्तम्: end, limit
• अन्तम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्त
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• इषुभिः: with arrows
• इषुभिः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: इषु
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• राजन्: O king
• राजन्: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• यदा: when
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदा

• द्रौणिः: Drauni (son of Drona, Ashvatthaman)
• द्रौणिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रौणि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• जग्मिवान्: went, reached
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम्
• Form: Perfect (Periphrastic perfect; past sense), Third, Singular, Masculine

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• King (Dhṛtarāṣṭra)
• Drauṇi (Aśvatthāmā)
• arrows (iṣu)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The line underscores that in the chaos of war, outcomes are not guaranteed by effort alone; even intense martial force may fail to bring a decisive end, hinting at the interplay of destiny, endurance, and the moral momentum of one’s actions.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Droṇa’s son (Aśvatthāmā) did not meet his end despite being assailed with arrows, emphasizing his survival and the continuing danger he poses on the battlefield.