Shloka 9

कर्णस्य दानप्रतिज्ञा–शल्योपदेश–वाक्ययुद्धम्

Karna’s Gift-Vows, Shalya’s Counsel, and the Battle of Words

Devanagari script

अथ पाण्डुसुता: सर्वे परिवार्य युधिष्ठिरम्‌

Transliteration

atha pāṇḍusutāḥ sarve parivārya yudhiṣṭhiram

Translation

Disse Sañjaya: Então todos os filhos de Pāṇḍu se reuniram em torno de Yudhiṣṭhira, cerrando fileiras ao seu redor em solidariedade e proteção — uma imagem do dever fraterno em meio à tensão moral da guerra.

Word by Word

• अथ: then/thereupon
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ

• पाण्डुसुताः: the sons of Pandu
• पाण्डुसुताः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डुसुत
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• परिवार्य: having surrounded/encircled
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि + √वृ (वृञ् वरणे/वृत्तौ)
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)

• युधिष्ठिरम्: Yudhishthira
• युधिष्ठिरम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: युधिष्ठिर
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Yudhiṣṭhira
• Pāṇḍavas (sons of Pāṇḍu)
• Pāṇḍu

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights collective responsibility around righteous leadership: in moments of danger and ethical pressure, those committed to dharma support and protect the one bearing the heaviest moral burden, reinforcing unity and duty over fear or self-interest.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that the Pāṇḍavas (Pāṇḍu’s sons) move in and surround Yudhiṣṭhira, forming a protective and supportive circle around their elder brother as the battle situation intensifies.