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Shloka 3

Karṇa-parva Adhyāya 19 — Saṃśaptaka–Trigarta Assault and Aindra-astra Counter

संजय उवाच भीष्मद्रोणकृपद्रौणिकर्णार्जुनजनार्दनान्‌ | समाप्तविद्यान्‌ धनुषि श्रेष्ठान्‌ यान्‌ मन्यसे रथान्‌

sañjaya uvāca—bhīṣma-droṇa-kṛpa-drauṇi-karṇārjuna-janārdanān | samāpta-vidyān dhanuṣi śreṣṭhān yān manyase rathān nṛpa ||

Sañjaya disse: “Ó rei, aqueles guerreiros—Bhīṣma, Droṇa, Kṛpa, Aśvatthāmā, Karṇa, Arjuna e Janārdana (Śrī Kṛṣṇa)—que tu consideras plenamente instruídos, supremos no arco e preeminentes entre os combatentes de carro: a narrativa volta-se agora para um soberano que, desprezando até tais mestres como coisa ínfima diante de sua própria proeza, não reconhecia rei algum por seu igual, não suportava ser tido como apenas igual a Bhīṣma e Droṇa, e não queria admitir a mínima inferioridade diante de Kṛṣṇa e Arjuna. Esse rei Pāṇḍya, joia dos príncipes e o melhor entre os armados, enfureceu-se como Yama quando insultado e começou o morticínio das forças de Karṇa.”

संजयःSanjaya
संजयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
भीष्मBhishma
भीष्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
द्रोणDrona
द्रोण:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कृपKripa
कृप:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकृप
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
द्रौणिDrauni (Ashvatthama)
द्रौणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्रौणि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कर्णKarna
कर्ण:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अर्जुनArjuna
अर्जुन:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
जनार्दनान्Janardana (Krishna)
जनार्दनान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजनार्दन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
समाप्तविद्यान्having completed learning; fully trained
समाप्तविद्यान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसमाप्तविद्या
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
धनुषिin archery / with the bow
धनुषि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootधनुस्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
श्रेष्ठान्the best
श्रेष्ठान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
यान्whom
यान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
मन्यसेyou consider / think
मन्यसे:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootमन्
FormPresent, Second, Singular, Atmanepada
रथान्chariot-warriors
रथान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhīṣma
D
Droṇa
K
Kṛpa (Kṛpācārya)
D
Drauṇi (Aśvatthāmā)
K
Karṇa
A
Arjuna
J
Janārdana (Kṛṣṇa)

Educational Q&A

The verse foregrounds a moral contrast between genuine mastery (complete learning and disciplined excellence in archery) and the corrosive force of pride. By listing the foremost warriors, it frames the ethical warning that arrogance can lead one to dismiss even the greatest, provoking reckless violence and escalating destruction in war.

Sañjaya addresses Dhṛtarāṣṭra and names the elite chariot-warriors—Bhīṣma, Droṇa, Kṛpa, Aśvatthāmā, Karṇa, Arjuna, and Kṛṣṇa—whom the king considers supreme. The narration then pivots to describe a fiercely proud ruler who, after being insulted, becomes wrathful and begins attacking and killing soldiers in Karṇa’s army.