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Shloka 31

धृतराष्ट्रस्य मूर्च्छा तथा द्रोणविषयकप्रश्नाः

Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Fainting and Questions Concerning Droṇa

स कथं ब्राह्म॒णो वृद्ध: शस्त्रेण वधमाप्तवान्‌ । जो छहों अंगों तथा पंचम वेदस्थानीय इतिहास-पुराणोंसहित चारों वेदोंका अध्ययन करके ब्राह्मणोंके लिये उसी प्रकार आश्रय बने हुए थे

dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca | sa kathaṁ brāhmaṇo vṛddhaḥ śastreṇa vadham āptavān | amārṣiṇā marṣitavān kliśyamānān sadā mayā ||

Dhṛtarāṣṭra disse: “Como pôde aquele brâmane idoso encontrar a morte por uma arma? Ele que dominara os quatro Vedas com seus seis auxiliares e o ‘quinto Veda’ — o Itihāsa e o Purāṇa; ele que era refúgio para os brâmanes como o oceano o é para os rios; ele que afligia os inimigos e, ainda assim, observava os deveres tanto do brâmane quanto do kṣatriya — como foi abatido pelas armas esse ancião, Droṇācārya? E eu, embora não seja dado à ira, há muito suporto este sofrimento.”

सःhe/that (person)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
ब्राह्मणःa Brahmin
ब्राह्मणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वृद्धःaged/elderly
वृद्धः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवृद्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शस्त्रेणby a weapon
शस्त्रेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशस्त्र
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
वधम्death/slaying
वधम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवध
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आप्तवान्obtained/reached
आप्तवान्:
TypeVerb
Rootआप्
Formक्तवतुँ (past active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
अमर्षिणाwith/through impatience (unforbearing anger)
अमर्षिणा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअमर्षिन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
मर्षितवान्endured/forgave
मर्षितवान्:
TypeVerb
Rootमृष्
Formक्तवतुँ (past active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
क्लिश्यमानान्those being afflicted/suffering
क्लिश्यमानान्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootक्लिश्
Formशानच् (present passive participle), Masculine, Accusative, Plural
सदाalways
सदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
मयाby me
मया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormMasculine/Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

धृतराष्ट उवाच

D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
D
Droṇācārya
B
brāhmaṇa
Ś
śastra (weapon)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the moral shock of war: even a venerable, learned teacher who embodies dharma can be brought down by violence. It underscores the tension between reverence for spiritual authority and the ruthless logic of battlefield duty.

Dhṛtarāṣṭra asks Sañjaya how Droṇa—an aged brāhmaṇa-teacher famed for learning and discipline—could be killed in combat. His question expresses grief, disbelief, and the sense that the war has overturned normal ethical expectations.