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Shloka 50

नारायणास्त्र-शमनं द्रौणि-प्रहारश्च

Pacification of the Nārāyaṇāstra and Drauni’s Renewed Assault

भरतश्रेष्ठ] उस समरांगणमें मोहवश पिताने पुत्रका वध कर डाला और पुत्रने पिताका। मित्रने मित्रके प्राण ले लिये। मामाने भानजेको मार डाला और भानजेने मामाको ।।

sanjaya uvāca | sve svān pare parāṁś cāpi nijaghnur itaretaram | nirmaryādam abhūd yuddhaṁ rātri bhīru-bhayānakam ||

Disse Sañjaya: Naquela batalha noturna, por força da confusão, o pai matou o filho e o filho matou o pai. Amigo tirou a vida de amigo. O tio materno matou o filho da irmã, e o sobrinho matou o tio. Guerreiros do próprio lado golpearam os seus; e até os tomados por inimigos revelaram-se ser dos seus—matavam-se uns aos outros. Assim, o combate da noite tornou-se totalmente sem lei e sem medida, e a noite virou terror até para os tímidos: um colapso ético em que a confusão apagou toda contenção.

स्वेin/among one’s own (side)
स्वे:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootस्व
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
स्वान्one’s own (people)
स्वान्:
Karma
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootस्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
परेin/among the other (side)
परे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
परान्others (their own people)
परान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
निजघ्नुःthey slew/killed
निजघ्नुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
इतरेतरम्one another (mutually)
इतरेतरम्:
Karma
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootइतरेतर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
निर्मर्यादम्without bounds/without restraint
निर्मर्यादम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्मर्याद
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अभूत्became/was
अभूत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
युद्धम्the battle
युद्धम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
रात्रौat night
रात्रौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरात्रि
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
भीरु-भयानकम्terrifying to the timid/cowards
भीरु-भयानकम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootभीरुभयानक
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
F
father
S
son
F
friend
M
maternal uncle (māma)
S
sister’s son/nephew (bhāneja)

Educational Q&A

When warfare loses discernment and restraint (maryādā), it collapses into adharma: delusion makes people harm even their own kin and allies. The verse highlights how moha and uncontrolled violence erase moral boundaries, turning battle into a warning about ethical disintegration.

During a chaotic night engagement, fighters cannot properly recognize one another. In the confusion, they mutually strike down their own side as well as those they misidentify, leading to kin-slaying and friend-slaying. Sañjaya describes the battle as ‘nirmaryāda’—without rules or limits—and frightening in the darkness.