Shloka 9

भीष्मस्य मध्याह्नयुद्धवर्णनम् / Mid-day Battle Description: Bhīṣma Engaged by the Pāñcālas

Devanagari script

राज्यार्ध पञज्च वा ग्रामान्‌ नाकार्षीत्‌ स च दुर्मति: । दृष्टवा हि क्षत्रियान्‌ शूरान्‌ शयानान्‌ धरणीतले

Transliteration

rājyārdhaṃ pañca vā grāmān nākārṣīt sa ca durmatiḥ | dṛṣṭvā hi kṣatriyān śūrān śayānān dharaṇītale ||

Translation

Disse Sañjaya: Aquele homem de mente perversa não aceitou nem metade do reino, nem sequer cinco aldeias—sobretudo depois de ver os heroicos kṣatriyas jazendo mortos sobre a terra. A visão de tais guerreiros caídos mostra como a ambição obstinada, ao rejeitar um compromisso justo, conduz o conflito a uma ruína de pesado custo moral.

Word by Word

• राज्य: kingdom
• राज्य: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: राज्य
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अर्धम्: half
• अर्धम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्ध
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• पञ्च: five
• पञ्च: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पञ्च
• Form: Indeclinable/Number, N/A, N/A

• वा: or
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा

• ग्रामान्: villages
• ग्रामान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ग्राम
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• अकार्षीत्: did/made (did not do)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: Aorist (Luṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• दुर्मतिः: evil-minded (man)
• दुर्मतिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्मति
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Active

• हि: indeed/for
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि

• क्षत्रियान्: Kshatriyas/warriors
• क्षत्रियान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षत्रिय
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• शूरान्: brave
• शूरान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शूर
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• शयानान्: lying (down)
• शयानान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शी
• Form: शानच् (present participle, Ātmanepada sense), Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• धरणीतले: on the surface of the earth/ground
• धरणीतले: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: धरणीतल
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• kṣatriyas (warriors)
• villages (grāma)
• earth/ground (dharaṇītala)
• half-kingdom (rājyārdha)