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Shloka 24

Dhṛtarāṣṭra–Sañjaya-saṃvādaḥ; madhyāhna-saṅgrāma-pravṛttiḥ

Dhritarashtra–Sanjaya dialogue and the midday battle escalation

हतं तमात्मजं दृष्टवा विराट: प्राद्रवद्‌ भयात्‌ । उत्सृज्य समरे द्रोणं व्यात्ताननमिवान्तकम्‌,अपने पुत्रको मारा गया देख मुँह बाये हुए कालके समान भयंकर द्रोणाचार्यको समरभूमिमें छोड़कर विराट भयके मारे भाग गये

sañjaya uvāca | hataṃ tam ātmajaṃ dṛṣṭvā virāṭaḥ prādravad bhayāt | utsṛjya samare droṇaṃ vyāttānanaṃ ivāntakam |

Vendo seu próprio filho morto, o rei Virāṭa fugiu de medo. Abandonando Droṇa no campo de batalha—terrível como a Morte de boca escancarada—saiu correndo, dominado pelo pânico.

हतम्slain
हतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootहन् (क्त)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तम्that (him)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आत्मजम्son
आत्मजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा), Parasmaipada/Atmanepada-neutral
विराटःVirāṭa
विराटः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविराट
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्राद्रवत्ran away / fled
प्राद्रवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootद्रु (प्र + आ)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
भयात्from fear
भयात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootभय
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
उत्सृज्यhaving abandoned / leaving behind
उत्सृज्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसृज् (उत्)
FormAbsolutive (ल्यप्), Parasmaipada/Atmanepada-neutral
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
द्रोणम्Droṇa
द्रोणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
व्यात्ताननम्with gaping mouth
व्यात्ताननम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootव्यात्तानन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इवlike
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
अन्तकम्Death (Yama)
अन्तकम्:
TypeNoun
Rootअन्तक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
V
Virāṭa
V
Virāṭa's son (unnamed here)
D
Droṇa (Droṇācārya)
A
Antaka (Death, personified)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a moral-psychological truth: intense grief and fear can overwhelm even a king’s battlefield composure, causing a lapse from expected kṣatriya steadiness. It implicitly contrasts dharma-based courage with panic-driven flight.

After Virāṭa sees his son has been killed, he becomes terrified and flees the battlefield, leaving Droṇa behind—who is depicted as fearsome, like Death with a gaping mouth.