Shloka 18

(चेदिकाशिपदातैश्न रथै: पाउ्चालसूंजयै: । सहिता: पाण्डवा: सर्वे धृष्टद्युम्नपुरोगमा: ।। तावकान्‌ समरे जघ्नुर्धर्मपुत्रेण चोदिता: ।) इधर चेदि और काशिदेशके पैदलसैनिकोंके तथा पांचाल और सुूंजयदेशके रथियोंसहित धृष्टद्युम्म आदि समस्त पाण्डववीर धर्मपुत्र युधिष्ठिरकी आज्ञासे समरभूमिमें आपके सैनिकोंका संहार करने लगे। रथिभिवररिणैरश्वै: पादातैश्व समीरितम्‌ । घोरमायोधनं चक्रे महा भ्रसदृशं रज:,रथियों, हाथियों, घोड़ों और पैदलोंके पैरोंसे उड़ी हुई धूलराशिने मेघोंकी भारी घटाके समान आकाशकमें व्याप्त होकर उस युद्धको भयंकर बना दिया

sañjaya uvāca | cedikāśi-padātaiś ca rathaiḥ pāñcāla-sūñjayaiḥ | sahitāḥ pāṇḍavāḥ sarve dhṛṣṭadyumna-purogamāḥ || tāvakān samare jaghnur dharmaputreṇa coditāḥ | rathibhir varavāraṇair aśvaiḥ pādātaiś ca samīritam | ghoram āyodhanaṃ cakre mahābhrasadṛśaṃ rajaḥ ||

Disse Sañjaya: Deste lado, unidos à infantaria de Cedi e de Kāśī e aos guerreiros de carro dos Pāñcālas e dos Sūñjayas, todos os heróis Pāṇḍava—com Dhṛṣṭadyumna à frente—começaram a abater as tuas tropas no campo de batalha, instigados por Dharmaputra (Yudhiṣṭhira). E a poeira terrível, levantada pelo movimento dos carros, de excelentes elefantes, cavalos e infantes, espalhou-se pelo céu como uma massa de nuvens de tempestade, tornando o combate ainda mais assustador.

चेदि-काशि-पदातैःby the foot-soldiers of Cedi and Kashi
चेदि-काशि-पदातैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootचेदि + काशि + पदात
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
रथैःby chariots / chariot-warriors
रथैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
पाञ्चाल-सृञ्जयैःby the Panchalas and the Srinjayas
पाञ्चाल-सृञ्जयैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपाञ्चाल + सृञ्जय
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सहिताःaccompanied / together with
सहिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसहित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पाण्डवाःthe Pandavas
पाण्डवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
धृष्टद्युम्न-पुरोगमाःhaving Dhrishtadyumna in front (as leader)
धृष्टद्युम्न-पुरोगमाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधृष्टद्युम्न + पुरोगम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तावकान्your (Kaurava) men
तावकान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतावक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
जघ्नुःthey slew / struck down
जघ्नुः:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural
धर्मपुत्रेणby Dharmaputra (Yudhishthira)
धर्मपुत्रेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मपुत्र
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
चोदिताःurged / commanded
चोदिताः:
TypeVerb
Rootचुद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, Passive (past passive participle)

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
P
Pāṇḍavas
D
Dhṛṣṭadyumna
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira (Dharmaputra)
C
Cedi
K
Kāśī
P
Pāñcālas
S
Sūñjayas
K
Kaurava troops (tāvakāḥ)
C
chariots
E
elephants
H
horses
I
infantry
D
dust cloud

Educational Q&A

The passage highlights dharmic leadership in wartime: Yudhiṣṭhira’s command (as Dharmaputra) frames action as duty-bound and organized rather than merely impulsive, while the vivid dust-cloud imagery underscores the grave, dehumanizing scale and consequences of battle.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the Pāṇḍavas, led by Dhṛṣṭadyumna and supported by allied forces from Cedi, Kāśī, Pāñcāla, and Sūñjaya, are attacking and killing the Kaurava troops; the movement of chariots, elephants, horses, and infantry raises a massive dust cloud that makes the battlefield scene more terrifying.