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Shloka 30

Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Anxiety and Bhīṣma’s Theological Explanation of Pāṇḍava Invincibility

Book 6, Chapter 61

तस्मिन्‌ युद्धे महारौद्रे वर्तमाने सुदारुणे । प्रत्यदृश्यन्त रथिनो धावमाना: समन्ततः,उस अत्यन्त दारुण और महाभयंकर युद्धमें रथी योद्धा चारों ओर दौड़ते दिखायी देते थे

tasmin yuddhe mahāraudre vartamāne sudāruṇe | pratyadṛśyanta rathino dhāvamānāḥ samantataḥ ||

Disse Sañjaya: Quando aquela batalha irrompia—terrivelmente feroz e cruel até o extremo—viam-se os guerreiros em carros de guerra correrem em todas as direções; o campo estava tomado por um movimento frenético e pela violência esmagadora da guerra.

तस्मिन्in that
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
युद्धेin the battle
युद्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
महा-रौद्रेvery terrible/fierce
महा-रौद्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहारौद्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
वर्तमानेbeing in progress/occurring
वर्तमाने:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootवृत्
Formशानच् (present active participle), Neuter, Locative, Singular
सुदारुणेvery dreadful
सुदारुणे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसुदारुण
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
प्रतिtowards; in return; (here as preverb with √दृश्) clearly/manifestly
प्रति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति
अदृश्यन्तwere seen/appeared
अदृश्यन्त:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), Ātmanepada, Third, Plural
रथिनःchariot-warriors
रथिनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरथिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
धावमानाःrunning
धावमानाः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootधाव्
Formशानच् (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
समन्ततःon all sides
समन्ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसमन्ततः

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
R
rathinaḥ (chariot-warriors)
Y
yuddha (the battle)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the overwhelming, dehumanizing intensity of war: even elite chariot-warriors are reduced to frantic motion amid terror and cruelty, inviting reflection on the ethical cost of conflict.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the battle has become extremely fierce; chariot-fighters are seen charging and rushing about on all sides as the fighting rages.