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Shloka 31

Daiva–Puruṣakāra Discourse and the Elephant-Corps Engagement (भीमगजानीक-सम्भ्रान्ति)

उदक्रोशच्च संदहृष्टस्त्रासयानो वरूथिनीम्‌ । राजन! भीमसेनने अपने विशाल खड्गसे उसके वेगपूर्वक चलाये हुए तीखे बाणके दो टुकड़े कर दिये और कलिंगोंकी सेनाको भयभीत करते हुए हर्षमें भरकर बड़े जोरसे सिंहनाद किया || ३० ह ।।

sañjaya uvāca | udakrośac ca saṃdahṛṣṭas trāsayāno varūthinīm | rājan bhīmasenena ātmanaḥ viśālakhadgena tasya vegapūrvakaṃ calāyitānāṃ tīkṣṇabāṇānāṃ dvau ṭukau kṛtau, kaliṅgānāṃ senāṃ bhayabhītāṃ kurvan harṣeṇa pūrṇaḥ mahābalena siṃhanādaṃ cakāra | tataḥ kruddhaḥ kaliṅgarāṭ bhīmasenāya saṃyuge ... |

Sañjaya disse: “Exultante e bradando em alta voz, Bhīmasena derrubou com sua larga espada as flechas inimigas que vinham investindo, cortando-as em duas. Então, para abalar de medo as fileiras de Kaliṅga, tomado de feroz alegria, soltou um poderoso rugido de leão. Enfurecido com isso, o rei de Kaliṅga voltou-se contra Bhīmasena no auge do combate.”

उदक्रोशत्shouted aloud
उदक्रोशत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-क्रुश्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
संदहृष्टःhighly delighted
संदहृष्टः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसंदहृष्ट
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्रासयन्frightening
त्रासयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootत्रस्
FormŚatṛ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
वरूथिनीम्the army/host
वरूथिनीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवरूथिनी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
कालिङ्गःthe Kalinga (king/warrior)
कालिङ्गः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकालिङ्ग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
ततःthen
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
क्रुद्धःangry
क्रुद्धः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रुद्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भीमसेनायto Bhimasena
भीमसेनाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootभीमसेन
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
संयुगेin battle
संयुगे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंयुग
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
B
Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
K
Kaliṅga army (Kaliṅgāḥ)
K
King of Kaliṅga (Kaliṅgarāṭ)
S
Sword (khadga)
A
Arrows (bāṇāḥ)
L
Lion-roar (siṃhanāda)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores a kṣatriya ideal: steadfast courage and skill in battle can protect one’s side and break the enemy’s morale. Yet it also shows how displays of dominance provoke anger and counterattack, reminding readers that war tends to intensify through cycles of fear, pride, and retaliation.

Sañjaya reports that Bhīma, exhilarated, slices the enemy’s fast-flying sharp arrows into two with his broad sword and then roars like a lion to frighten the Kalinga troops. The king of Kalinga becomes furious and advances against Bhīma in battle.