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Shloka 14

Chapter 51: Saṃdhyākāla-saṃhāra

Evening Withdrawal after Arjuna’s Counter-Advance

जघान परमक्रुद्धो नृत्यन्निव महारथ: । साथ ही कृपाचार्यके स्वर्णभूषित धनुषको भी तेज धारवाले भालासे काट गिराया; फिर सब ओर घूमकर नृत्य-सा करते हुए महारथी अभिमन्युने अत्यन्त कुपित हो तीखी नोकवाले बाणोंसे भीष्मकी रक्षा करनेवाले उन महारथियोंको भी घायल कर दिया ।। १३ ६ || तस्य लाघवबमुद्ीक्ष्य तुतुषुर्देवता अपि,अभिमन्युके हाथोंकी यह फुर्ती देखकर देवताओंको भी बड़ी प्रसन्नता हुई। अर्जुनकुमारके इस लक्ष्य-वेधकी सफलतासे प्रभावित हो भीष्म आदि सभी रथियोंने उन्हें साक्षात्‌ अर्जुनके समान शक्तिशाली समझा

sañjaya uvāca |

jaghāna paramakruddho nṛtyann iva mahārathaḥ |

tasya lāghavam udīkṣya tutuṣur devatā api |

abhimanyor hastānāṃ lāghavaṃ dṛṣṭvā devatā api prītā babhūvuḥ; arjunaputrasya lakṣyavedhasya saphalatayā prabhāvitā bhīṣmādayaḥ sarve rathinaḥ taṃ sākṣād arjunavat śaktimantam amanyanta |

Sañjaya disse: Tomado de ira, o grande guerreiro de carro abateu seus inimigos, girando como se dançasse. Ao ver a destreza veloz das mãos de Abhimanyu, até os deuses se alegraram. E os combatentes em carros—Bhīṣma e os demais—impressionados pela pontaria do filho de Arjuna, julgaram-no poderoso como se o próprio Dhanañjaya (Arjuna) estivesse ali em pessoa. No enquadramento ético do épico, o verso destaca como a maestria disciplinada na batalha (mesmo em meio à fúria) obtém reconhecimento entre os mundos, ao mesmo tempo em que prenuncia o pesado custo moral de tal poder num campo regido pelo dharma e por suas violações.

जघानslew/struck down
जघान:
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (√हन्)
Formलिट् (Perfect), 3, singular, परस्मैपद
परमक्रुद्धःextremely enraged
परमक्रुद्धः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम-क्रुद्ध
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
नृत्यन्dancing (as if)
नृत्यन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootनृत् (√नृत्)
Formशतृ (present active participle), masculine, nominative, singular
इवas if/like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
महारथःgreat chariot-warrior
महारथः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
तस्यof him/of that
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, genitive, singular
लाघवम्lightness/agility
लाघवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootलाघव
Formneuter, accusative, singular
उदीक्ष्यhaving seen/observed
उदीक्ष्य:
TypeVerb
Rootईक्ष् (√ईक्ष्) + उद्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), active
तुतुषुःrejoiced/were pleased
तुतुषुः:
TypeVerb
Rootतुष् (√तुष्)
Formलिट् (Perfect), 3, plural, परस्मैपद
देवताःthe deities
देवताः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेवता
Formfeminine, nominative, plural
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Abhimanyu
A
Arjuna
B
Bhīṣma
D
Devatāḥ (gods)
M
Mahāratha (status/title)
C
Chariot-warriors (rathinaḥ)

Educational Q&A

Excellence in one’s discipline—here, controlled agility and precision in battle—naturally draws recognition, even from higher witnesses (the gods). Yet the Mahābhārata’s ethical horizon reminds the reader that martial brilliance must still be weighed against dharma, because victory and praise do not automatically equal righteousness.

Sañjaya describes Abhimanyu fighting with furious energy and remarkable agility, moving around like a dancer on the battlefield. His speed and accurate shooting impress the gods, and Bhīṣma and other senior warriors conclude that Abhimanyu’s power and skill are comparable to Arjuna’s.