Shloka 19

तत्र तत्र नरौघाणां क्रोशतामितरेतरम्‌ | शुश्रुवुर्दारुणा वाच: प्रेतानामिव भारत,उस युद्धस्थलमें गदा और मूसलके आघातसे कितने ही मनुष्योंके अंग-भंग हो गये थे, कितने ही अच्छी श्रेणीके तलवारोंसे छिन्न-भिन्न हो रहे थे, कितनोंके शरीर हाथियोंके दाँतोंसे दबकर विदीर्ण हो गये थे और कितनोंको हाथियोंने कुचल दिया था। इस प्रकार असंख्य मनुष्योंके समुदाय अधमरे-से होकर एक-दूसरेको पुकार रहे थे। भारत! उनके वे भयंकर आर्तनाद प्रेतोंके कोलाहलके समान श्रवणगोचर हो रहे थे

tatra tatra naraughāṇāṁ krośatām itaretaram | śuśruvur dāruṇā vācaḥ pretānām iva bhārata ||

Sañjaya disse: Aqui e ali no campo de batalha, as multidões de homens—gritando uns para os outros—eram ouvidas erguendo vozes terríveis, ó Bhārata, como o clamor dos mortos.

तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
Formtrue
तत्रthere (here and there)
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
Formtrue
नरौघाणाम्of the multitudes of men
नरौघाणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनरौघ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
क्रोशताम्of (those) crying out
क्रोशताम्:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootक्रुश्
Formpresent active participle, Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
इतरेतरम्to one another, mutually
इतरेतरम्:
Karma
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइतरेतर
Formtrue
शुश्रुवुःthey heard
शुश्रुवुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormPerfect, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
दारुणाःterrible, dreadful
दारुणाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदारुण
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
वाचःcries, voices
वाचः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवाच्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
प्रेतानाम्of the departed spirits
प्रेतानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रेत
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
इवlike, as if
इव:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
Formtrue
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
B
Bharata (addressed: Dhritarashtra)
B
battlefield (Kurukshetra context)
P
pretas (the dead/ghosts)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the human cost of war: when violence dominates, the battlefield becomes a realm of near-death where ordinary human voices resemble the tumult of the dead. It implicitly warns that adharma and uncontrolled aggression dehumanize both victim and victor, making suffering the loudest ‘message’ of conflict.

Sanjaya reports to Dhritarashtra that across the battlefield, masses of wounded and terrified men are crying out to one another. Their collective wailing is so dreadful that it sounds like the uproar of pretas (the departed), conveying the chaos and horror of the fighting.