Shloka 29

Devanagari script

चित्रसेनश्ष तं राजं॑स्त्रिंशता नतपर्वभि: । आजपघान रणे क्रुद्ध: स च त॑ प्रत्यविध्यत

Transliteration

Sañjaya uvāca |

Citrasenaś ca taṁ rājans triṁśatā nataparvabhiḥ |

Ājaghāna raṇe kruddhaḥ sa ca taṁ pratyavidhyata ||

Translation

Disse Sañjaya: Ó Rei, Citrasena, enfurecido no campo de batalha, atingiu-o com trinta flechas de juntas recurvadas; e o outro, por sua vez, traspassou Citrasena em retaliação.

Word by Word

• चित्रसेनः: Chitrasena
• चित्रसेनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: चित्रसेन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• राजन्: O king
• राजन्: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• त्रिंशता: with thirty
• त्रिंशता: Karana
• Type: Numeral
• Root: त्रिंशत्
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• नतपर्वभिः: with bent-jointed (arrows)
• नतपर्वभिः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: नतपर्वन्
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• अजपघान: struck down / smote
• Type: Verb
• Root: अजपघान
• Form: Perfect (Paroksha), Third, Singular

• रणे: in battle
• रणे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रण
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• क्रुद्धः: angry
• क्रुद्धः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्रुद्ध
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• प्रत्यविध्यत: pierced in return / counter-pierced
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-व्यध्
• Form: Imperfect, Third, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'rājan')
• Citrasena
• arrows

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how anger in war quickly becomes a chain of retaliation—one strike invites an immediate counterstrike—illustrating the ethical danger of krodha (wrath) even within kṣatriya combat.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports a duel-like exchange: Citrasena, furious, hits his opponent with thirty arrows, and the opponent responds by piercing Citrasena in return.