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Shloka 9

तमोगुण-निरूपण

Analysis of Tamas and its Marks

प्रकृत्यात्मकमेवाहू रज: पर्यायकारकम्‌ । प्रवृत्तं सर्वभूतेषु दृश्यमुत्पत्तिलक्षणम्‌

prakṛtyātmakam evāhu rajaḥ paryāyakārakam | pravṛttaṃ sarvabhūteṣu dṛśyam utpattilakṣaṇam ||

Disse Vāyu: “Declara-se que rajas é da própria natureza de Prakṛti, funcionando como o princípio da transformação. Ele opera em todos os seres e é visto em toda parte; o mundo manifesto traz a sua marca—seu sinal definidor é o surgir e a atividade incessante.”

प्रकृत्यात्मकम्having the nature of Prakṛti
प्रकृत्यात्मकम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रकृत्यात्मक (प्रकृति + आत्मक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
आहुःthey say/call
आहुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअह् (ब्रू/अह्—‘to say’)
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
रजःrajas (the rajas-guṇa)
रजः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरजस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पर्यायकारकम्causing activity/turning (as a cause of change)
पर्यायकारकम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपर्यायकारक (पर्याय + कारक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रवृत्तम्active/operating
प्रवृत्तम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रवृत्त (प्र + √वृत्, past participle)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सर्वभूतेषुin all beings
सर्वभूतेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वभूत (सर्व + भूत)
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
दृश्यम्visible/that which is seen
दृश्यम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootदृश्य (from √दृश्, ‘to see’; ‘visible’)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
उत्पत्तिलक्षणम्having origination as its mark/characteristic
उत्पत्तिलक्षणम्:
TypeNoun
Rootउत्पत्तिलक्षण (उत्पत्ति + लक्षण)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyu (Vāyudeva)
P
Prakṛti
R
Rajas
S
Sarvabhūta (all beings)
D
Dṛśya (the manifest/visible world)

Educational Q&A

Rajas is identified as a Prakṛti-based force whose hallmark is motion, transformation, and origination; it is the dynamic principle through which the manifest world and activity in beings become evident.

Vāyudeva is instructing the listener in a doctrinal explanation of the guṇas, specifically defining rajas as the active, transformative power present in all beings and recognizable in the visible world’s constant arising and change.