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Shloka 4

Brahma-vidyā: Satya–Tapas and the Enumeration of Tattvas

Arjuna–Vāsudeva framed dialogue

भगवन्तं प्रपन्नो5हं नि:श्रेयसपरायण: । याचे त्वां शिरसा विप्र यद्‌ ब्रूयां ब्रूहि तन्मम,भगवान्‌ श्रीकृष्णने कहा--अर्जुन इस विषयको लेकर गुरु और शिणष्यमें जो मोक्षविषयक संवाद हुआ था, वह प्राचीन इतिहास बतलाया जा रहा है। एक दिन उत्तम व्रतका पालन करनेवाले एक ब्रह्मवेत्ता आचार्य अपने आसनपर विराजमान थे। परंतप! उस समय किसी बुद्धिमान्‌ शिष्यने उनके पास जाकर निवेदन किया--'भगवन्‌! मैं कल्याणमार्ममें प्रवृत्त होकर आपकी शरणमें आया हूँ और आपके चरणोंमें मस्तक झुकाकर याचना करता हूँ कि मैं जो कुछ पूछूँ; उसका उत्तर दीजिये। मैं जानना चाहता हूँ कि श्रेय क्या है?”

bhagavantaṃ prapanno ’haṃ niḥśreyasaparāyaṇaḥ | yāce tvāṃ śirasā vipra yad brūyāṃ brūhi tan mama ||

“Ó venerável brâmane, refugiei-me em ti, com todo o meu ser voltado ao niḥśreyasa, o bem supremo. Inclino a cabeça e te suplico: seja o que for que eu pergunte, dize-mo; concede-me a resposta.”

भगवन्तम्the Blessed Lord
भगवन्तम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभगवत्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रपन्नःhaving taken refuge; surrendered
प्रपन्नः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रपन्न
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअहम्
FormNominative, Singular
निःश्रेयस-परायणःdevoted to the highest good (final beatitude)
निःश्रेयस-परायणः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनिःश्रेयसपरायण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
याचेI beg; I request
याचे:
TypeVerb
Rootयाच्
FormPresent, First, Singular, Parasmaipada
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormAccusative, Singular
शिरसाwith (my) head; bowing the head
शिरसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशिरस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
विप्रO brahmin; O sage
विप्र:
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
यत्whatever; that which
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ब्रूयाम्I might say; I may ask
ब्रूयाम्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormOptative, First, Singular, Parasmaipada
ब्रूहिtell; speak
ब्रूहि:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ममof me; my
मम:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyudeva
V
vipra (a Brahmin-sage/teacher)
Ś
śiṣya (disciple, implied by context)

Educational Q&A

The verse models the proper attitude for liberation-oriented learning: humble surrender to a qualified teacher and a focused quest for niḥśreyasa—the highest, lasting good (often aligned with mokṣa). Ethical learning begins with reverence, clarity of aim, and readiness to be instructed.

A seeker approaches a revered Brahmin-sage/teacher, bows in humility, and requests instruction. He frames his inquiry as a quest for ultimate welfare, asking the teacher to answer whatever he is about to ask—specifically, what constitutes true ‘śreyas’ (the good).