Shloka 11

Devanagari script

ब्रृहि धर्मविदां श्रेष्ठ परं कौतूहलं मम । मोक्षधर्मार्थकुशलो भवॉल्लोकेषु गीयते,कौन-कौन-से मार्ग कल्याण करनेवाले हैं? सर्वोत्तम सुख क्या है? और पाप किसे कहते हैं? श्रेष्ठ व्रबरका आचरण करनेवाले गुरुदेव! मेरे इन प्रश्नोंका आप यथार्थरूपसे उत्तर देनेमें समर्थ हैं। धर्मज्ञोंमें श्रेष्ठ विप्रषें! यह सब जाननेके लिये मेरे मनमें बड़ी उत्कण्ठा है। इस विषयमें इन प्रश्नोंका तत्त्वतः यथार्थ उत्तर देनेमें आपसे अतिरिक्त दूसरा कोई समर्थ नहीं है। अत: आप ही बतलाइये; क्योंकि संसारमें मोक्षधर्मोके तत्त्वके ज्ञानममें आप कुशल बताये गये हैं

Transliteration

śiṣya uvāca | brūhi dharmavidāṃ śreṣṭha paraṃ kautūhalaṃ mama | mokṣadharmārthakuśalo bhavāṃl lokeṣu gīyate | kaunakaunase mārgāḥ kalyāṇakaraṇāḥ? sarvottamaṃ sukhaṃ kim? pāpaṃ ca kiṃ pracakṣate? śreṣṭha vratabrata-ācaraṇakartṛn gurudeva! mamaite praśnāḥ yathārthataḥ samādhātuṃ tvam eva samarthaḥ | dharmajñeṣu śreṣṭha vipra! etad jñātuṃ mama manasi mahān autkaṇṭhyaḥ | asmin viṣaye etān praśnān tattvataḥ yathārthaṃ vaktuṃ tvadṛte nānyaḥ samarthaḥ | ataḥ tvam eva brūhi; yato loke mokṣadharmatatvajñāne tvam kuśala iti gīyase |

Translation

Disse o discípulo: «Ó melhor entre os conhecedores do dharma, dize-me — minha curiosidade é profunda. És celebrado nos mundos como hábil nos fins e nos princípios do mokṣa-dharma. Quais caminhos são verdadeiramente portadores de bem-estar? Qual é a felicidade suprema? E o que se chama pecado? Ó mestre venerável, exemplar em votos e conduta, só tu és capaz de responder a estas perguntas como realmente são. Ó mais eminente entre os brāhmaṇas eruditos, sinto grande ânsia de saber. Neste assunto, além de ti não há ninguém competente para expor a verdade em sua essência. Portanto, explica tu mesmo, pois és tido como perito no verdadeiro conhecimento do dharma que conduz à libertação.»

Word by Word

• ब्रूहि: tell (me)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (imperative), 2, singular, परस्मैपद

• धर्मविदाम्: of the knowers of dharma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्मविद्
• Form: masculine, genitive, plural

• श्रेष्ठ: O best
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्रेष्ठ
• Form: masculine, vocative, singular

• परम्: supreme, highest
• परम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर
• Form: neuter, accusative, singular

• कौतूहलम्: curiosity, eagerness
• कौतूहलम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कौतूहल
• Form: neuter, accusative, singular

• मम: my, of me
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: genitive, singular

• मोक्षधर्मार्थकुशलः: skilled in the purport of mokṣa-dharma
• मोक्षधर्मार्थकुशलः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मोक्षधर्मार्थकुशल
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• भवान्: you (honorific)
• भवान्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: भवत्
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• लोकेषु: in the worlds, among people
• लोकेषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक
• Form: masculine, locative, plural

• गीयते: is sung/praised, is spoken of
• Type: Verb
• Root: गै (धातु)
• Form: लट् (present), 3, singular, कर्मणि (passive)

Speaker

शिष्य उवाच

Characters & Entities

• śiṣya (disciple)
• gurudeva (teacher)
• vipra (brāhmaṇa)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse frames a classical ethical inquiry: the disciple seeks authoritative guidance on (1) welfare-producing paths (kalyāṇa-mārga), (2) the highest form of happiness, and (3) what constitutes sin (pāpa). It establishes mokṣa-dharma as the lens for answering—truthful, essential understanding leading toward liberation.

What is happening in the narrative?

A disciple respectfully addresses a renowned teacher, praising his mastery of mokṣa-dharma and urging him to answer pressing questions. The scene sets up a didactic exchange where the teacher is about to expound on right paths, supreme happiness, and the nature of wrongdoing.