Shloka 5
अलोभोपाख्यानम् — शुनःसख-यातुधानी-संवादः
The Allegory of Non-Greed: Śunaḥsakha and the Yātudhānī
भारत! धीरे-धीरे चारों वर्णोंके लोग श्राद्धमें देवताओं और पितरोंको अन्न देने लगे। लगातार श्राद्धमें भोजन करते-करते वे देवता और पितर पूर्ण तृप्त हो गये। अब वे अन्न पचानेके प्रयत्नमें लगे। अजीर्णसे उन्हें विशेष कष्ट होने लगा। तब वे सोम देवताके पास गये ।।
bhīṣma uvāca | bhārata! dhīre-dhīre cāturvarṇyāḥ śrāddhe devatābhyaḥ pitṛbhyaś ca annaṃ pradātum ārabdhavantaḥ | nityam eva śrāddhe bhojanaṃ kurvanto devāḥ pitaraś ca parama-tṛptim agaman | atha te 'nna-pācana-prayatneṣu vyagrā babhūvuḥ | ajīrṇena teṣāṃ viśeṣaḥ kleśo 'bhavat | tataḥ te somadevam upajagmuḥ || te 'bruvan somam āsādya pitara ajīrṇa-pīḍitāḥ | nivāpānnena pīḍyāmaḥ, śreyo no 'tra vidhīyatām ||
Bhishma disse: “Ó Bhārata, com o tempo, as pessoas das quatro ordens sociais passaram a oferecer alimento, nos ritos de śrāddha, aos deuses e aos ancestrais. À medida que os deuses e os Pitṛs continuavam a comer nesses śrāddhas incessantes, ficaram completamente saciados. Então voltaram seus esforços para digerir o alimento; a indigestão passou a afligi-los severamente. Por isso foram até Soma. Chegando a Soma, os Pitṛs, atormentados pela indigestão, disseram: ‘Ó Senhor, o alimento das oferendas de śrāddha (nivāpa) nos causa grande sofrimento. Por favor, determina o que é verdadeiramente benéfico para nós neste assunto.’”
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Ritual giving (śrāddha) is meant to promote welfare (śreyas) and harmony between humans, gods, and ancestors; even meritorious acts should be guided by appropriateness and balance, so that the intended beneficiaries are truly helped rather than burdened.
Because people repeatedly perform śrāddhas and offer food, the gods and Pitṛs keep eating until they are over-satiated and suffer indigestion. Distressed, the Pitṛs approach Soma and request a remedy—asking him to arrange what is best regarding the śrāddha food offerings.