Shloka 19
Adhyāya 9: Pratiśruta-Dāna
The Duty to Fulfill Promised Gifts
Devanagari script
एवमेव च मां नित्यं ब्राह्मणा: संदिशन्ति वै । प्रतिश्रुत्य भवेद् देयं नाशा कार्या द्विजोत्तमे
Translation
E assim os brâmanes sempre me advertiam: “Tendo prometido, deve-se dar, sem falta, aquilo que foi prometido ao brâmane. Não frustres a esperança do mais excelente dos dvija (os ‘duas-vezes-nascidos’).”
Word by Word
एवम्thus, in this manner
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
माम्me
माम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormAccusative, Singular
नित्यम्always, constantly
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
ब्राह्मणाःBrahmins
ब्राह्मणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
संदिशन्तिinstruct, advise
संदिशन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-√दिश्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
वैindeed (emphatic particle)
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
प्रतिश्रुत्यhaving promised
प्रतिश्रुत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-√श्रु
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Active
भवेत्should be, ought to be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Root√भू
FormOptative (Potential), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
देयम्to be given, should be given
देयम्:
TypeVerb
Root√दा
Formतव्यत् (gerundive), Neuter, Nominative, Singular
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
आशाhope, expectation
आशा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआशा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
कार्याto be done (here: to be made/caused)
कार्या:
TypeVerb
Root√कृ
Formतव्यत् (gerundive), Feminine, Nominative, Singular
द्विजोत्तमेin/with regard to the best of Brahmins
द्विजोत्तमे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootद्विजोत्तम
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes