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Shloka 49

गोप्रदानगुणाः तथा कपिलागोविधानम्

Merits of Cow-Gift and the Origin-Account of Kapilā Cows

गोभिश्व समनुज्ञात: सर्वत्र च महीयते । यस्त्वेतेनैव कल्पेन गां वनेष्वनुगच्छति

gobhiś ca samanujñātaḥ sarvatra ca mahīyate | yas tv etenaiva kalpena gāṃ vaneṣv anugacchati |

Disse Bhīṣma: “Abençoado e aprovado pelas vacas, tal homem é honrado em toda parte. Mas aquele que, seguindo esta mesma disciplina, vive na floresta e acompanha as vacas—sem cobiça, senhor de si e puro—sustentando-se de erva, folhas e até de esterco de vaca, quando já não resta desejo em sua mente, habita alegremente em meu mundo junto dos deuses; ou então vai aos mundos que desejar.”

गोभिःby/with cows
गोभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगो
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Plural
इवas/like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
समनुज्ञातःfully permitted/approved
समनुज्ञातः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-अनु-ज्ञा (क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वत्रeverywhere
सर्वत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वत्र
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
महीयतेis honored/is revered
महीयते:
TypeVerb
Rootमह् (मह्/महि) + य (passive)
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Passive (Ātmanepada-form)
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
एतेनby/with this
एतेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
कल्पेनby the method/observance
कल्पेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकल्प
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
गाम्a cow / cows (as object)
गाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगो
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
वनेषुin forests
वनेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवन
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
अनुगच्छतिfollows
अनुगच्छति:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-गम्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

पितामह उवाच

B
Bhishma (Pitamaha)
S
Shakra/Indra (Śatakratu)
C
cows (go)

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma teaches that disciplined, desireless, and pure conduct centered on reverence and service to cows—paired with self-restraint and austerity—leads to honor in this world and auspicious posthumous destinations, culminating in residence in higher realms when desire is extinguished.

In Anuśāsana Parva’s dharma-instruction, Bhīṣma addresses Śatakratu (Indra) and describes the spiritual fruit of a specific observance: living in the forest, following and serving cows, and maintaining strict austerity, which results in divine honor and access to exalted worlds.