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Shloka 13

च्यवन-कुशिक-संवादः

Cyavana–Kuśika Dialogue on Hospitality, Service, and Lineage Questions

भीष्म उवाच रेतजो वा भवेत्‌ पुत्रस्त्यक्तो वा क्षेत्रजो भवेत्‌ अध्यूढ: समयं भिनत्त्वेत्येतददेव निबोध मे

bhīṣma uvāca | retajo vā bhavet putras tyakto vā kṣetrajo bhavet | adhyūḍhaḥ samayaṃ bhinattv ity etad eva nibodha me ||

Bhīṣma disse: “Ó rei, o filho gerado da própria semente é, de fato, filho seu. Do mesmo modo, o filho kṣetraja—nascido na esposa por meio de outro homem para assegurar descendência—torna-se filho do marido quando o gerador renuncia à sua pretensão. Compreende o mesmo princípio quanto ao filho adhyūḍha: ao romper ou pôr de lado o acordo anterior (samaya), muda-se o estatuto. O ensinamento ético é que paternidade e direitos não se determinam apenas pela semente biológica, mas pelo consentimento reconhecido, pela renúncia à reivindicação e pelo pacto social que governa.”

भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
रेतजःa son born of semen (biological son)
रेतजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरेतज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
भवेत्may be / would be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative, Third, Singular
पुत्रःson
पुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्यक्तःabandoned / relinquished
त्यक्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootत्यक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
क्षेत्रजःa kshetraja son (begotten on another's wife/field)
क्षेत्रजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षेत्रज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवेत्may be / would be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative, Third, Singular
अध्यूढःan adhyūḍha son (a legally accepted/attributed son)
अध्यूढः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअध्यूढ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
समयम्agreement / convention / rule
समयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसमय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
भिनत्त्वाhaving broken / having violated
भिनत्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootभिद्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
एतत्this (matter)
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अदेवcertainly / indeed (emphatic particle as read here)
अदेव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअदेव
निबोधunderstand / know
निबोध:
TypeVerb
Rootबुध्
FormImperative, Second, Singular
मेof me / my
मे:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that sonship (and the attendant rights/duties) is determined by dharmic recognition and agreement: a biological son is straightforwardly one’s own, but in kṣetraja/adhyūḍha cases the decisive factor is whether the begetter renounces his claim and whether the governing agreement (samaya) is upheld or breached.

Bhishma is instructing the king on dharma concerning categories of sons and the legitimacy of lineage. He clarifies how retaja, kṣetraja, and adhyūḍha sons are to be regarded, emphasizing the role of consent, renunciation, and social/legal convention.