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Shloka 10

गोमूल्यनिर्णयः — The Determination of Value through the Cow

Nahuṣa–Cyavana Episode

विप्रायां क्षत्रियो बाह्ूं सूतं स्तोमक्रियापरम्‌ । वैश्यो वैदेहक॑ चापि मौद्गल्यमपवर्जितम्‌

viprāyāṃ kṣatriyo bāhūṃ sūtaṃ stomakriyāparam | vaiśyo vaidehakaṃ cāpi maudgalyam apavarjitam ||

Disse Bhīṣma: Quando um kṣatriya se une a uma mulher brāhmaṇī, nasce um filho chamado Sūta—tido como fora da ordem regular das varṇas, cuja ocupação costumeira é a recitação de louvores e serviços afins (como o de cocheiro). Do mesmo modo, quando um vaiśya se une a uma brāhmaṇī, nasce um filho chamado Vaidehaka—considerado decaído dos ritos prescritos e empregado em deveres do aposento interno e de guarda; por isso também é chamado Maudgalya.

विप्रायाम्in/with a Brahmin woman
विप्रायाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootविप्रा
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
क्षत्रियःa Kshatriya
क्षत्रियः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बाहुम्arm
बाहुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबाहु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सूतम्a Sūta (mixed-caste person; charioteer/bard)
सूतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसूत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
स्तोमक्रियापरम्devoted to praise-rituals/recitations
स्तोमक्रियापरम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस्तोमक्रियापर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वैश्यःa Vaishya
वैश्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवैश्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वैदेहकम्a Vaidehaka (mixed-caste person)
वैदेहकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवैदेहक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
मौद्गल्यम्Maudgalya (name/designation; here as a class-name)
मौद्गल्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमौद्गल्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अपवर्जितम्excluded/removed; outcast
अपवर्जितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअपवर्जित
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
B
Brahmin woman (viprā)
K
Kshatriya
V
Vaishya
S
Sūta
V
Vaidehaka
M
Maudgalya

Educational Q&A

The verse presents a normative dharma-style classification of offspring and occupations arising from unions across varṇa boundaries, emphasizing how traditional social theory links lineage, ritual status (saṃskāra), and prescribed work.

In Bhishma’s instruction during the Anushasana Parva, he enumerates categories such as Sūta and Vaidehaka (also called Maudgalya) and assigns them customary functions, as part of a broader discourse on social duties and order.