Shloka 15
Adhyāya 39 — Yudhiṣṭhira’s inquiry on attachment (saṅga) and relational restraint
अपि च ज्ञानसम्पन्न: सर्वान् वेदान् पितुर्गृहि । श्लाघमान इवाधीयादू ग्राम्य इत्येव त॑ विदु:,जो सम्पूर्ण वेदोंको पिताके घरमें रहकर पढ़ता है वह ज्ञानसम्पन्न और प्रशंसनीय होनेपर भी दिद्वानोंके द्वारा ग्रामीण (गँवार) ही समझा जाता है। (वास्तवमें गुरुके घरमें क्लेश-सहनपूर्वक रहकर वेद पढ़नेवाला ही श्रेष्ठ है)
api ca jñāna-sampannaḥ sarvān vedān pitur gṛhe | ślāghamāna ivādhīyād grāmya ity eva taṃ viduḥ ||
Além disso, ainda que um homem seja dotado de saber e estude todos os Vedas permanecendo na casa de seu pai—parecendo digno de louvor—os eruditos ainda o consideram apenas um “rústico”. A lição ética implícita é que a verdadeira excelência no aprendizado védico se associa ao discipulado disciplinado sob um mestre, suportando dificuldades na casa do guru, e não ao estudo confortável no lar.
सोम उवाच
Educational Q&A
Vedic learning is not measured only by the amount studied, but by the disciplined mode of study: true refinement comes from brahmacarya under a guru, with humility and hardship, not from comfortable study at one’s parental home.
Soma states a social-ethical judgment about education: even a knowledgeable person who studies the Vedas at his father’s house is still labeled ‘grāmya’ by the learned, implying that proper training requires residence and service in the teacher’s household.