Aṣṭāvakra’s Visit to Kubera: Hospitality, Temptation, and the Ethics of Restraint (अष्टावक्र-वैश्रवणोपाख्यानम्)
चिन्त्यद्योता ये च देवेषु मुख्या ये चाप्यन्ये देवताश्नाजमीढ । सुपर्णगन्धर्वपिशाचदानवा यक्षास्तथा चारणपन्नगाश्ष
cintyadyotā ye ca deveṣu mukhyā ye cāpyanye devatāś cājamiḍha | suparṇagandharvapiśācadānavā yakṣās tathā cāraṇapannagāś ca ||
Disse Vāyu: “Ó Ajamiḍha, aqueles radiantes que são os primeiros entre os deuses, e também as demais divindades; e igualmente os Suparṇas (grandes aves), os Gandharvas, os Piśācas, os Dānavas, os Yakṣas, os Cāraṇas e os seres-serpente—sabe que todas essas ordens de seres surgiram de Mahādeva (Śiva).”
वायुदेव उवाच
The verse teaches a theological vision in which the many classes of divine and semi-divine beings—chief gods as well as Gandharvas, Yakṣas, Nāgas, and others—are to be understood as originating from Mahādeva, emphasizing a unifying source behind cosmic diversity.
Vāyudeva is speaking and addressing Ajamiḍha, listing various orders of beings and asserting their common origin in Mahādeva, as part of a broader discourse that elevates Śiva’s cosmic status.