Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 63

Chapter 2: Sudarśana Upākhyāna — Atithi-Dharma and the Conquest of Mṛtyu

Gṛhastha-Vrata

पतिव्रता सत्यशीला नित्यं चैवार्जवे रता । कथ्थ॑ न प्रत्युदेत्यद्य स्मपमाना यथा पुरा,अब सुदर्शन फिर पुकार-पुकारकर इस प्रकार कहने लगे--“मेरी वह साध्वी पत्नी कहाँ है? वह सुशीला कहाँ चली गयी? मेरी सेवासे बढ़कर कौन गुरुतर कार्य उसपर आ पड़ा। वह पतिव्रता, सत्य बोलनेवाली और सदा सरलभावसे रहनेवाली है। आज पहलेकी ही भाँति मुसकराती हुई वह मेरी अगवानी क्यों नहीं कर रही है?”

pativratā satyaśīlā nityaṃ caivārjave ratā | kathaṃ na pratyudety adya smayamānā yathā purā ||

Bhishma disse: “Minha esposa — firme na fidelidade conjugal, devotada à verdade e sempre afeita à retidão — como é que hoje não vem ao meu encontro, sorrindo como antes? Que dever mais pesado do que servir-me caiu de súbito sobre ela?”

पतिव्रताdevoted to her husband
पतिव्रता:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपतिव्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
सत्यशीलाtruthful by nature
सत्यशीला:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्यशील (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य (प्रातिपदिक)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
आर्जवेin straightforwardness/uprightness
आर्जवे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआर्जव (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
रताdelighting/engaged (in)
रता:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootरत (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
कथम्how/why
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
प्रत्युदेतिcomes forth to meet (me)
प्रत्युदेति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-उद्-इ (धातु)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
अद्यtoday
अद्य:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य
स्मindeed/just (particle, often with past sense)
स्म:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्म
अपमानाsmiling/with a smile (lit. not honoring?; here used as 'with a smile')
अपमाना:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअपमान (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
यथाas/just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
पुराformerly/before
पुरा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
S
Sudarsana
S
Sudarsana's wife (unnamed in this verse)

Educational Q&A

The verse praises ethical virtues in domestic life—fidelity (pativratā), truthfulness (satya), and straightforward sincerity (ārjava)—presented as marks of exemplary character and dharma.

Sudarsana, returning and expecting his wife’s customary smiling welcome, is distressed that she does not come out to greet him; he wonders what urgent duty could have kept her away.