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Shloka 11

विशेषेण च वक्ष्यामि चातुर्वर्ण्यस्य लिड्ल्‍भत: । पज्चभूतशरीराणां सर्वेषां सदृशात्मनाम्‌

viśeṣeṇa ca vakṣyāmi cāturvarṇyasya lakṣaṇataḥ | pañcabhūtaśarīrāṇāṃ sarveṣāṃ sadṛśātmanām ||

Bhīṣma disse: “Agora declararei, em particular, os sinais definidores da ordem social quádrupla. Os corpos de todos—embora classificados como brāhmaṇa, kṣatriya, vaiśya e śūdra—são formados pelos mesmos cinco grandes elementos, e o Ser (Self) dentro deles é igual. Contudo, estabelecem-se distinções nos deveres mundanos e nas obrigações específicas, para que, seguindo fielmente o próprio dharma, todos possam novamente alcançar a unidade.”

विशेषेणin particular, especially
विशेषेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविशेष
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वक्ष्यामिI shall speak / I will explain
वक्ष्यामि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormSimple Future (Luṭ), First, Singular, Parasmaipada
चातुर्वर्ण्यस्यof the fourfold varṇa-system
चातुर्वर्ण्यस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootचातुर्वर्ण्य
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
लिङ्गम्mark, characteristic, definition
लिङ्गम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootलिङ्ग
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पञ्चभूतशरीराणाम्of those whose bodies are (made of) the five elements
पञ्चभूतशरीराणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootपञ्चभूतशरीर
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
सर्वेषाम्of all
सर्वेषाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
सदृशात्मनाम्of those having similar/same Self
सदृशात्मनाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसदृशात्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
C
cāturvarṇya (brāhmaṇa, kṣatriya, vaiśya, śūdra)
P
pañcabhūta

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma emphasizes that all four varṇas share the same elemental bodily constitution and the same ātman; differences in prescribed duties are functional and ethical—meant to guide people through svadharma toward a higher unity.

In the Anuśāsana Parva’s instruction section, Bhīṣma continues his discourse on dharma, announcing that he will describe the specific characteristics of the four varṇas while grounding the discussion in the shared nature of body (pañcabhūta) and Self (ātman).