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Shloka 57

Adhyāya 152 — Bhīṣma’s Authorization for Yudhiṣṭhira’s Return to the Capital (नगरप्रवेशानुज्ञा)

यद्यकार्यमधर्म वा यदि वा प्राणनाशनम्‌ । पतिर्ब्रूयाद्‌ दरिद्रो वा व्याधितो वा कथंचन

yady akāryam adharmaṁ vā yadi vā prāṇanāśanam | patir brūyād daridro vā vyādhito vā kathaṁcana ||

Mahādeva disse: “Mesmo que o marido—seja por ter caído na pobreza, seja por estar acometido de alguma enfermidade—ordene o que não deve ser feito, ou o que é adharma, ou até mesmo o que conduz à perda da vida, então, tomando-o como o dever próprio do tempo de calamidade (āpaddharma), deve-se cumpri-lo de imediato, sem hesitação.”

यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
अकार्यम्a forbidden act / what should not be done
अकार्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअकार्य
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
अधर्मम्unrighteousness / adharma
अधर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
प्राणनाशनम्life-destruction / causing death
प्राणनाशनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्राणनाशन
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
पतिःhusband
पतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ब्रूयात्should say / might command
ब्रूयात्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू (ब्रवीति)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
दरिद्रःpoor
दरिद्रः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदरिद्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
व्याधितःafflicted (by disease)
व्याधितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootव्याधित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
कथंचनin any way / somehow (in some condition)
कथंचन:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथंचन

श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच

Ś
Śrī-Maheśvara (Mahādeva/Śiva)
P
pati (husband)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames an extreme principle of āpaddharma: in a crisis, a wife is urged to follow the husband’s command without doubt, even when it appears improper or unrighteous, treating it as a special duty applicable to calamity.

Śrī Maheśvara is instructing on household and crisis-ethics, describing situations like poverty or illness and stating how one should respond to a husband’s directive under such distressing conditions.