Shloka 15
Pratyakṣa–Āgama–Ācāra: Doubt, Proof, and the Practice of Dharma (प्रत्यक्ष–आगम–आचारविचारः)
अष्टमीयज्ञपरता चातुर्मास्यनिषेवणम् । पौर्णमासादयो यज्ञा नित्ययज्ञस्तथैव च
aṣṭamīyajñaparatā cāturmāsyaniṣevaṇam | paurṇamāsādayo yajñā nityayajñas tathaiva ca ||
Mahādeva disse: “Para o vānaprastha, o asceta que habita a floresta, a disciplina apropriada é esta: ser devotado ao sacrifício de Aṣṭamī (o rito Aṣṭakā realizado no oitavo dia lunar), observar os votos sazonais do Cāturmāsya e executar regularmente os ritos que começam com as oferendas de Paurṇamāsa, juntamente com os sacrifícios diários obrigatórios. Assim, a firmeza no dharma e o culto regulado tornam-se o fundamento ético da vida do vānaprastha.”
श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse defines vānaprastha-dharma as disciplined continuity in sacred obligations: observing periodic vows (Cāturmāsya), performing calendrical rites (like Paurṇamāsa), and maintaining daily worship/sacrifice (nitya-yajña). Ethical life here is framed as steadiness, restraint, and fidelity to prescribed duty.
Maheśvara is instructing about the duties of the forest-dweller stage of life. Rather than describing an external event, the passage lists the ritual and vow-based practices that constitute the vānaprastha’s regulated religious routine.