Shloka 14
Vānaprastha-dharma and Tapas: Śiva–Umā Saṃvāda
Forest-Stage Discipline and Austerity
Devanagari script
ये पठन्ति सदा मर्त्या येषां चैवोपतिष्ठति । श्रुत्वा च फलमाचचष्टे स्वयं नारायण: प्रभु:
Translation
“Aqueles que sempre leem esse śāstra, aqueles em cujo coração sua essência se firma, e aqueles que, ao ouvir seus frutos, os explicam diante dos outros—tornam-se, de fato, a própria forma do Senhor Nārāyaṇa.”
Word by Word
येwho (those who)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पठन्तिread/recite
पठन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootपठ्
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
सदाalways
सदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
मर्त्याःmortals/men
मर्त्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
येषाम्of whom
येषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
उपतिष्ठतिattends/stands by; is present (to them)
उपतिष्ठति:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-स्था
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
फलम्fruit/result
फलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootफल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आचचष्टेdeclares/tells/explains
आचचष्टे:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-चक्ष्
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Singular, Atmanepada
स्वयम्himself
स्वयम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वयम्
नारायणःNarayana
नारायणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनारायण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रभुःthe Lord/master
प्रभुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes