Shloka 35

आचारप्रशंसा

Praise of Ācāra as the Basis of Longevity, Fame, and Prosperity

Devanagari script

हीनांगानतिरिक्तांगान्‌ विद्याहीनान्‌ विगर्हितान्‌ | रूपद्रविणहीनांश्व सत्त्वहीनांश्व नाक्षिपेत्‌

Transliteration

hīnāṅgān atiriktāṅgān vidyāhīnān vigarhitān | rūpa-draviṇa-hīnānś ca sattva-hīnānś ca nākṣipet ||

Translation

Disse Bhīṣma: Não se deve lançar reprovação sobre os que têm deficiência ou deformidade, sobre os que possuem membros a mais, sobre os que carecem de instrução, sobre os socialmente censurados, sobre os que carecem de beleza ou riqueza, nem sobre os que carecem de força e coragem. Tal busca de defeitos é imprópria e contrária ao dharma.

Word by Word

• हीनाङ्गान्: those with deficient limbs
• हीनाङ्गान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हीनाङ्ग
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• अतिरिक्ताङ्गान्: those with extra limbs
• अतिरिक्ताङ्गान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अतिरिक्ताङ्ग
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• विद्याहीनान्: those lacking learning/knowledge
• विद्याहीनान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विद्याहीन
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• विगर्हितान्: blameworthy / censured
• विगर्हितान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विगर्हित
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• रूपद्रविणहीनान्: those lacking beauty and wealth
• रूपद्रविणहीनान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रूपद्रविणहीन
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• सत्त्वहीनान्: those lacking strength/valor
• सत्त्वहीनान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सत्त्वहीन
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• आक्षिपेत्: should reproach / should insult
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-क्षिप्
• Form: Vidhi-ling (optative), Present-system, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Do not mock or reproach people for deficiencies of body, learning, social standing, beauty, wealth, or strength; ethical speech requires restraint and compassion, aligning one’s conduct with dharma.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Anuśāsana Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma and proper conduct; here he lays down a rule of right speech—avoiding contemptuous criticism of those who are disadvantaged or vulnerable.