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Shloka 41

Duḥṣantasya Vana-praveśaḥ

King Duḥṣanta’s Entry into the Forest Hunt

त॑ राजसत्तमं प्रीतास्तदा मतिमतां वर | स पितृणां नियोगं तमनतिक्रम्य पार्थिव:,और जो कन्या थी उसे राजाने अपनी पत्नी बना लिया। उसका नाम था गिरिका। बुद्धिमानोंमें श्रेष्ठ जनममेजय! एक दिन ऋतुकालको प्राप्त हो स्नानके पश्चात्‌ शुद्ध हुई वसुपत्नी गिरिकाने पुत्र उत्पन्न होने योग्य समयमें राजासे समागमकी इच्छा प्रकट की। उसी दिन पितरोंने राजाओंमें श्रेष्ठ वसुपर प्रसन्न हो उन्हें आज्ञा दी--'तुम हिंसक पशुओंका वध करो।' तब राजा पितरोंकी आज्ञाका उल्लंघन न करके कामनावश साक्षात्‌ दूसरी लक्ष्मीके समान अत्यन्त रूप और सौन्दर्यके वैभवसे सम्पन्न गिरिकाका ही चिन्तन करते हुए हिंसक पशुओंको मारनेके लिये वनमें गये

vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca | taṃ rājasattamaṃ prītās tadā matimatāṃ vara | sa pitṝṇāṃ niyogaṃ tam anatikramya pārthivaḥ |

Disse Vaiśaṃpāyana: Ó melhor entre os sábios, então os Pitṛs (os Ancestrais) se agradaram daquele rei excelso. O soberano da terra, sem transgredir a ordem que os Pitṛs lhe impuseram, foi à floresta para matar as feras perigosas; mas, impelido pelo desejo, sua mente permanecia fixa em Girikā — sua rainha, radiante em beleza como uma segunda Lakṣmī — que, purificada após o banho em sua estação, manifestara a vontade de unir-se a ele no tempo devido para a concepção. Assim o rei é mostrado dividido entre o anseio conjugal e a obediência ao mandamento ancestral, escolhendo não violar a ordem dos Pitṛs embora por dentro suspirasse pela esposa.

तत्that (one/thing)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
राजसत्तमम्the best of kings
राजसत्तमम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराजसत्तम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रीताःpleased, delighted
प्रीताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रीत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
मतिमताम्of the wise/learned
मतिमताम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमतिमत्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
वरO best (one)
वर:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पितॄणाम्of the Pitṛs (manes/ancestors)
पितॄणाम्:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
नियोगम्command, injunction
नियोगम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनियोग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तम्that
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अनतिक्रम्यnot transgressing, without violating
अनतिक्रम्य:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootअति-क्रम्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)
पार्थिवःthe king
पार्थिवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थिव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
J
Janamejaya
V
Vasu (king)
G
Girikā
P
Pitṛs (ancestors)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights dharma as fidelity to rightful injunction: even when personal desire is strong (the king’s longing to be with Girikā at the fertile time), he does not violate the Pitṛs’ command. Ethical emphasis falls on restraint and prioritizing sanctioned duty over immediate gratification.

Vaiśampāyana narrates that the Pitṛs instruct King Vasu to kill dangerous animals. On the same day, Queen Girikā—purified after bathing in her season—signals her wish for union for conception. Vasu, however, does not transgress the ancestral order; he goes to the forest to hunt, though his mind remains absorbed in thoughts of Girikā.