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Shloka 16

Ādi Parva, Adhyāya 181 — Svayaṃvara Aftermath: Arjuna–Karna Exchange and Bhīma–Śalya Contest

भर्तरें भक्षयामास व्याप्रो मृगमिवेप्सितम्‌ । तस्या: क्रोधाभिभूताया यान्यश्रूण्यपतन्‌ भुवि

bhartāraṁ bhakṣayāmāsa vyāghro mṛgam ivepsitam | tasyāḥ krodhābhibhūtāyā yāny aśrūṇy apatan bhuvi ||

Disse o Gandharva: Como um tigre que arrebata e devora o veado que deseja, assim o rei devorou o esposo da mulher brâmane. Dominada pela ira, as lágrimas que lhe caíram dos olhos sobre a terra abrasaram-se em fogo, queimando aquele lugar até reduzi-lo a cinzas. Então, atormentada pela separação e consumida pelo luto, ela proferiu uma maldição contra o sábio régio Kalmāṣapāda: porque ele, ó miserável, com crueldade vil e impiedosa, consumira diante de seus olhos o seu amado, ilustre e glorioso, antes que se cumprisse o seu anseio conjugal; por isso, sob a sua maldição, no exato instante em que se unisse à esposa na estação fértil, ele perderia a vida. E sua esposa geraria um filho por união com a própria linhagem de Vasiṣṭha cujos descendentes ele destruíra—e esse filho sustentaria a sua dinastia.

भर्तरम्husband
भर्तरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभर्तृ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
भक्षयामासate, devoured
भक्षयामास:
TypeVerb
Rootभक्ष्
FormPeriphrastic Perfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
व्याघ्रःtiger
व्याघ्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्याघ्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मृगम्deer, animal (prey)
मृगम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमृग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
ईप्सितम्desired, sought-after
ईप्सितम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootईप्सित
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तस्याःof her
तस्याः:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
क्रोधाभिभूतायाःof (her) overcome by anger
क्रोधाभिभूतायाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रोध-अभिभूत
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
यानिwhich (things)
यानि:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
अश्रूणिtears
अश्रूणि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअश्रु
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
अपतन्fell down
अपतन्:
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
भुविon the ground, on earth
भुवि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभू
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular

गन्धर्व उवाच

G
Gandharva (speaker)
B
Brahmin woman (brāhmaṇī)
H
Her husband (bhartā)
K
King/Rājarṣi Kalmāṣapāda
T
Tiger (vyāghra)
D
Deer (mṛga)
E
Earth/ground (bhūmi)
F
Fire (agni, implied by narrative continuation)
M
Mahārṣi Vasiṣṭha (in the prose continuation)

Educational Q&A

Unrestrained violence and appetite—especially by a ruler—destroys dharma and invites inevitable consequence. The passage also highlights the moral authority attributed to a grievously wronged, truth-speaking ascetic woman: her curse functions as ethical retribution when worldly justice fails.

A king, compared to a tiger, devours a Brahmin woman’s husband despite her lament. Enraged, her tears are described as turning into fire that burns the place, and she then curses King Kalmāṣapāda with death upon approaching his wife in her fertile season and foretells that his lineage will continue through a son connected with Vasiṣṭha’s line.