Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 10

Droṇa–Drupada Saṃvāda and Droṇa’s Reception at the Kuru Court (द्रोण-द्रुपद-संवादः; कुरुनगरप्रवेशः)

(अधर्म: सुमहानेष स्त्रीणां भरतसत्तम । यत्‌ प्रसादयते भर्ता प्रसाद्य: क्षत्रियर्षभ ।। भृणु चेद॑ महाबाहो मम प्रीतिकरं वच: ।।) “भरतश्रेष्ठ! क्षत्रियशिरोमणे! स्त्रियोंके लिये यह बड़े अधर्मकी बात है कि पति ही उनसे प्रसन्न होनेके लिये बार-बार अनुरोध करे; क्योंकि नारीका ही यह कर्तव्य है कि वह पतिको प्रसन्न रखे। महाबाहो! आप मेरी यह बात सुनिये। इससे आपको बड़ी प्रसन्नता होगी। पितृवेश्मन्यहं बाला नियुक्तातिथिपूजने । उग्र॑ पर्यचरं तत्र ब्राह्मणं संशितव्रतम्‌,बाल्यावस्थामें जब मैं पिताके घर थी, मुझे अतिथियोंके सत्कारका काम सौंपा गया था। वहाँ कठोर व्रतका पालन करनेवाले एक उग्रस्वभावके ब्राह्मणकी, जिनका धर्मके विषयमें निश्चय दूसरोंको अज्ञात है तथा जिन्हें लोग दुर्वासा कहते हैं, मैंने बड़ी सेवा-शुश्रूषा की। अपने मनको संयममें रखनेवाले उन महात्माको मैंने सब प्रकारके यत्नोंद्वारा संतुष्ट किया

vaiśampāyana uvāca | adharmaḥ sumahān eṣa strīṇāṃ bharatasattama | yat prasādayate bhartā prasādyaḥ kṣatriyarṣabha || śṛṇu ced mahābāho mama prītikaraṃ vacaḥ || pitṛveśmany ahaṃ bālā niyuktātithipūjane | ugraṃ paryacaraṃ tatra brāhmaṇaṃ saṃśitavratam ||

Disse Vaiśampāyana: “Ó melhor dos Bhāratas, touro entre os kṣatriyas! Para as mulheres, isto é tido como uma gravíssima quebra de decoro: que o marido tenha de suplicar repetidas vezes para obter o favor da esposa; pois é dever da mulher manter o marido satisfeito. Ó de braços poderosos, ouve minhas palavras, que te trarão grande contentamento. Quando eu era ainda uma jovem na casa de meu pai, fui encarregada de honrar os hóspedes. Ali servi com diligência a um brâmane severo, firme em seus votos.”

अधर्मःunrighteousness, adharma
अधर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सुमहान्very great
सुमहान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसुमहान् (महान्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एषःthis
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्त्रीणाम्of women / for women
स्त्रीणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्री
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
भरतसत्तमO best of the Bharatas
भरतसत्तम:
TypeNoun
Rootभरत-सत्तम
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
यत्that which
यत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
प्रसादयतेcauses to be pleased / entreats to please
प्रसादयते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रसादय् (प्र + सद्/साद् caus.)
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
भर्ताhusband
भर्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभर्तृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रसाद्यःto be pleased / one who should be pleased
प्रसाद्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रसाद्य (प्र + सद्, gerundive)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्षत्रियर्षभO bull among kshatriyas
क्षत्रियर्षभ:
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय-ऋषभ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
शृणुhear, listen
शृणु:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormImperative, 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
चेत्if
चेत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचेत्
महाबाहोO mighty-armed one
महाबाहो:
TypeNoun
Rootमहा-बाहु
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
ममmy
मम:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
प्रीतिकरम्pleasing, delight-causing
प्रीतिकरम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रीति-कर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वचःspeech, words
वचः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवचस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
B
Bharata lineage (Bharatas)
K
kṣatriya (warrior-noble class)
B
brāhmaṇa
P
pitṛveśman (father's house)
A
atithi (guest)

Educational Q&A

The passage frames a normative ethical claim about household dharma: it is improper (adharma) if a husband must repeatedly plead for a wife’s goodwill; instead, the wife is expected to maintain harmony by keeping the husband pleased. It also elevates atithi-dharma (hospitality) and strict observance of vows as markers of virtue.

The speaker addresses a heroic kṣatriya with counsel on propriety and then begins a personal recollection: as a girl in her father’s home, she was assigned the duty of honoring guests and there served a stern, vow-observant brāhmaṇa—setting up a backstory that will explain subsequent events.