Shloka 200
अनुक्रमणिकाध्यायः (Anukramaṇikā Adhyāya) — Invocation, Narrator Frame, and Textual Scope
Devanagari script
यदाश्रौष॑ कर्णघटोत्कचाभ्यां युद्धे मुक्तां सूतपुत्रेण शक्तिम् । यया वध्य: समरे सव्यसाची तदा नाशंसे विजयाय संजय,जब मैंने सुना कि कर्ण और घटोत्कचके युद्धमें कर्णने वह शक्ति घटोत्कचपर चला दी, जिससे रणांगणमें अर्जुनका वध किया जा सकता था। संजय! तब मैंने विजयकी आशा छोड़ दी
Translation
Quando ouvi que, no combate entre Karṇa e Ghaṭotkaca, Karṇa—filho do cocheiro—desferira contra Ghaṭotkaca aquela Śakti com a qual Savyasācī (Arjuna) poderia ter sido morto no campo de batalha, então, Sañjaya, abandonei a esperança de vitória.
Word by Word
यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
Formindeclinable (temporal)
अश्रौषम्I heard
अश्रौषम्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
Formaorist (luṅ), 1st person, singular, parasmaipada
कर्ण-घटोत्कचाभ्याम्by Karna and Ghaṭotkaca
कर्ण-घटोत्कचाभ्याम्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण; घटोत्कच
Formmasculine, instrumental, dual
युद्धेin battle
युद्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
Formneuter, locative, singular
मुक्ताम्released, discharged
मुक्ताम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमुच्
Formpast passive participle, feminine, accusative, singular
सूतपुत्रेणby the charioteer’s son (Karna)
सूतपुत्रेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसूतपुत्र
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
शक्तिम्the spear/weapon (Śakti)
शक्तिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशक्ति
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
ययाby which
यया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formfeminine, instrumental, singular
वध्यःwas to be slain / could be slain
वध्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवध्य
Formfuture passive participle (gerundive), masculine, nominative, singular
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
Formmasculine, locative, singular
सव्यसाचीSavyasācin (Arjuna)
सव्यसाची:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसव्यसाचिन्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
Formindeclinable (temporal)
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
Formnegation
आशंसेI hoped
आशंसे:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआ-शंस्
Formimperfect (laṅ), 1st person, singular, ātmanepada
विजयायfor victory
विजयाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootविजय
Formmasculine, dative, singular
संजयO Sañjaya
संजय:
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes